Optical stress generator and detector

Optics: measuring and testing – By configuration comparison – With photosensitive film or plate

Patent

Rate now

  [ 0.00 ] – not rated yet Voters 0   Comments 0

Details

364563, 364578, G01B 1102

Patent

active

057483183

ABSTRACT:
Disclosed is a system for the characterization of thin films and interfaces between thin films through measurements of their mechanical and thermal properties. In the system light is absorbed in a thin film or in a structure made up of several thin films, and the change in optical transmission or reflection is measured and analyzed. The change in reflection or transmission is used to give information about the ultrasonic waves that are produced in the structure. The information that is obtained from the use of the measurement methods and apparatus of this invention can include: (a) a determination of the thickness of thin films with a speed and accuracy that is improved compared to earlier methods; (b) a determination of the thermal, elastic, and optical properties of thin films; (c) a determination of the stress in thin films; and (d) a characterization of the properties of interfaces, including the presence of roughness and defects.

REFERENCES:
patent: 3950987 (1976-04-01), Slezinger et al.
patent: 4484820 (1984-11-01), Rosencwaig
patent: 4522510 (1985-06-01), Rosencwaig et al.
patent: 4579463 (1986-04-01), Rosencwaig et al.
patent: 4632561 (1986-12-01), Rosencwaig et al.
patent: 4636088 (1987-01-01), Rosencwaig et al.
patent: 4679946 (1987-07-01), Rosencwaig et al.
patent: 4710030 (1987-12-01), Tauc et al.
patent: 4750822 (1988-06-01), Rosencwaig et al.
patent: 4795260 (1989-01-01), Schuur et al.
patent: 4854710 (1989-08-01), Opsal et al.
patent: 4952063 (1990-08-01), Opsal et al.
patent: 4999014 (1991-03-01), Gold et al.
patent: 5042951 (1991-08-01), Gold et al.
patent: 5042952 (1991-08-01), Opsal et al.
patent: 5074669 (1991-12-01), Opsal
patent: 5083869 (1992-01-01), Nakata et al.
patent: 5227912 (1993-07-01), Ho et al.
patent: 5379109 (1995-01-01), Gaskill et al.
patent: 5481475 (1996-01-01), Young
patent: 5546811 (1996-08-01), Rogers et al.
patent: 5574562 (1996-11-01), Fishman et al.
patent: 5585921 (1996-12-01), Pepper et al.
W. Lee Smith et al. "Ion implant monitoring with thermal wave technology". Appl. Phys. Lett. vol. 47. No. 6, Sep. 15, 1985. pp. 584-586.
J. Opsal et al. "Thermal and plasma wave depth profiling in silicon". Appl. Phys. Lett. vol. 47 No.5, Sep. 1, 1985. pp. 498-500.
A Rosencwaig et al. "Thin-film thickness measurements with thermal waves". Appl. Phys. Lett., vol. 43 No. 2, Jul. 15, 1983. pp. 166-168.
A. Rosencwaig et al. "Detection of thermal waves through optical reflectance". Appl. Phys. Lett., vol. 46 No. 11, Jun. 1, 1985. pp. 1013-1015.
A. Elci et al. "Physics of Ultrafast Phenomena in Solid State Plasmas". Solid-State Electronics, vol. 21, 1978, pp. 151-158.
D.H. Auston et al. "Picosecond Spectroscopy of Semiconductors". Solid-State Electronics, vol. 21, 1978, pp. 147-150.
D. H. Auston et al. "Picosecond Ellipsometry of Transient Electron-Hole Plasmas in Germanium". Physical Review Letters, vol. 32 No. 20, May 20. 1974 pp. 1120-1123.
R.J. Stoner et al. "Kapitza conductance and heat flow between solids at temperatures from 50 to 300K". Physical Review B, vol. 48, No. 22, Dec. 1, 1993 pp. 16 373-16 387.
R.J. Stoner et al. "Measurements of the Kapitza Conductance between Diamond and Several Metals". Physical Review Letters, vol. 68 No. 10, Mar. 9, 1992 pp. 1563-1566.
S. Sumie et al. "A New Method of Photothermal Displacement Measurement by Laser Interferometric Probe". Jpn. J. Appl. Phys. vol. 31 Pt. 1, No. 11, 1992 pp. 3575-3583.
S. Sumie et al. J. Appl. Phys. 76(10), Nov. 15, 1994 pp. 5681-5689.
F.E. Doany et al. "Carrier lifetime versus ion-implantation dose in silicon on sapphire". Appl. Phys. Lett. 50(8), Feb. 23, 1987 pp. 460-462.
D.A. Young et al. "Heat Flow in Glasses on a Picosecond Timescale". Dept. of Engineering, Brown University, Providence, RI. 1986. pp. 49-51.
H.T. Grahn et al., "Time-resolved study of vibrations of a Ge:H/aSi:H multilayers", Phys. Review B, vol. 38, No. 9, Sep. 15, 1988.
H.T. Grahn et al., "Sound velocity and index of refraction of AIAs measured by picosecond ultrasonics", Appl. Phys. Lett. 53, Nov. 21, 1988.
H.T. Grahn et al., "Elastic properties of silicon oxynitride films determined by picosecond acoustics", App. Phys. Lett. 53, Dec. 5, 1988.
H.T. Grahn et al., "Picosecond Ultrasonics", IEEE, vol. 25, #12, Dec. 1989.
H.N. Lin, et al., "Nondestructive Testing of Microstructures by Picosecond Ultrasonics" Journal of Non-Destructive Evaluation, vol. 9 No. 4, 1990.
H.N. Lin et al., "Phonon Attenuation and Velocity Measurements in Transparent Materials by Picosecond Acoustic Interferometry", Journal of Applied Physics, vol. 69, Apr. 1, 1990.
T.C. Zhu et al., Attenuation of longitudinal-acoustic phonons in amorphous SiO.sub.2 at frequencies up to 440 GHz, Physical Review B, vol. 44, #9, Sep. 1, 1991.
H.N. Lin et al., Ultrasonic Experiments At Ultra-High Frequency With Picosecond Time-Resolution, IEEE Ultrasonics Symp. 90.
H.N. Lin et al., "Detection of Titanium Silicide Formation and Phase Transportation by Picosecond Ultrasonics," MRS.
G. Tas et al., "Detection Of Thin Interfacial Layers By Picosecond Ultrasonics", Mat. Res. Soc. Symp. Proc. vol. 259, 1992.
G. Tas et al., "Noninvasive picosecond ultrasonic detection of ultrathin interfacial layers: CF.sub.x at the AI/Si interface", Appl. Phys. Lett. 61, Oct. 12, 1992.
H. N. Lin et al., "Study of vibrational modes of gold nanostructures by picosecond ultrasonics", J. Appl. Phys. 73, Jan. 1, 1993.
H.J. Maris et al., Picosecond Optics Studies of Vibrational and Mechanical Properties of Nanostructures, AMD-vol. 140, Acousto-Optics and Acoustic Microscopy, ASME 1992.
C.J. Morath et al., "Picosecond optical studies of amorphous diamond and diamondlike carbon: Thermal conductivity and longitudinal sound velocity", J. Appl. Phys. 76, Sep. 1, 1994.
H.N. Lin et al., "Nondestructive detection of titanium disilicide phase transformation by picosecond ultrasonics", IBM T. J. Watson Research Center.
H.T. Grahn et al., "Picosecond Photoinduced Electronic and Acoustic Effects In a Si:H Based Multilayer Structures", Journal of Non-Crystalline Solids 97&98, 1987.
G. Tas et al., "Picosecond Ultrasonic Investigation of Thin Interfacial Layers Between Films and a Substrate", IBM T. J. Watson Research Center.
H.J. Maris et al., "Studies of High-Frequency Acoustic Phonons Using Picosecond Optical Techniques", Dept. of Physics, Brown University.
C. Thomsen et al., "Picosecond Acoustics As A Non-Destructive Tool For the Characterization Of Very Thin Films", Thin Solid Films 154 (1987).
P.A. Elzinga et al., "Pump/probe method for fast analysis of visible spectral signatures utilizing asynchronous optical sampling", Applied Optics, vol. 26, No. 19, Oct. 1, 1987.
R. J. Kneisler et al., "Asynchronous optical sampling: a new combustion diagnostic for potential use in turbulent, high-pressure flames", 1989 Optics Letters, vol. 14, No. 5.
C. Thomsen et al., "Surface generation and detection of phonons by picosecond light pulses", Physical Review B, vol. 34, No. 6, Sep. 15, 1986.
G.J. Fletchner et al., "Meausrements of atomic sodium in flames by asynchronous optical sampling: theory and experiment", Applied Optics, vol. 31, No. 15, May 20, 1992.
O.B. Wright, et al. "Characterization Of Transparent And Opaque Thin Films Using Laser Picosecond Ultrasonics", Nondestr. Test Eval. vol. 7, pp. 149-163.
O.B. Wright, "Thickness and sound velocity measurement in thin transparent films with laser picosecond acoustics", Journal of Applied Physics, vol. 71, #4, Feb. 15, 1992.
O.B. Wright, et al., "High Resolution Laser Picosecond Acoustics In Thin Films", Symp. on Physical Acoustics, Belgium, 1990.
O.B. Wright et al., "Laser Picosecond Acoustics in Various Types of Thin Film", Japanese Journal of Applied Physics, vol. 31 (1992).
C.A. Paddock et al., "Transient thermoreflectance from thin metal films", J. Appl. Phys. 60, Jul. 1, 1986.
D.M. Pennington et al., "Direct Measurement of the Thermal Expansion of a Surface Using Transient Gratings", Optical Society.
K. A. Sinarich et al., "Picosecond Acoustic Pulse Reflection From A Metal-Metal Interface", Dept. of Physics, Wayne State University.
G.L. Eesley et al.

LandOfFree

Say what you really think

Search LandOfFree.com for the USA inventors and patents. Rate them and share your experience with other people.

Rating

Optical stress generator and detector does not yet have a rating. At this time, there are no reviews or comments for this patent.

If you have personal experience with Optical stress generator and detector, we encourage you to share that experience with our LandOfFree.com community. Your opinion is very important and Optical stress generator and detector will most certainly appreciate the feedback.

Rate now

     

Profile ID: LFUS-PAI-O-60407

  Search
All data on this website is collected from public sources. Our data reflects the most accurate information available at the time of publication.