Chemistry: molecular biology and microbiology – Micro-organism – tissue cell culture or enzyme using process... – Enzymatic production of a protein or polypeptide
Patent
1996-05-17
1998-03-10
Weber, Jon P.
Chemistry: molecular biology and microbiology
Micro-organism, tissue cell culture or enzyme using process...
Enzymatic production of a protein or polypeptide
426614, 426656, 426657, C12P 2106, A23L 132, A23J 100, A23J 102
Patent
active
057260338
DESCRIPTION:
BRIEF SUMMARY
The invention relates to a process for preparing proteins from a protein-containing substance, wherein the substance is dispersed in an alkaline solvent with a pH of over 11.5 and at a temperature of under 30.degree. C., whereby the proteins contained in the substance are dissolved; and wherein the resulting solution is neutralized and the proteins contained in the solution are concentrated. For example, in the production of starch from potatoes, in the production of flour from grain, in the production of tofu and in the production of oil from various plants protein-containing substances are obtained as byproducts, in which the proteins have a structure not directly usable or a structure of low value. In the production of starch from potatoes the protein-containing substance is a denatured, hornificated by drying and insoluble potato protein concentrate. The processing of said potato protein concentrate is particularly difficult, and is, in the following, taken as an example for the preparation of proteins from various protein-containing substances.
A process of the type described above is known from published German Patent Application 41 33 538. Therein, the substance is to be dispersed at room temperature in an alkaline solvent especially having a pH of about 12.5. It is proposed to disperse the substance under homogenization to accelerate the dissolution of the proteins. In this context, it has been found that a ready dissolution in industrial scale applications of the known process can only be achieved with the aid of a homogenization by high pressure disintegration. Long breaking down periods in dissolving the proteins in the alkaline solvent result in alkali damages of the dissolved proteins. The occurrence of alkali damages is also enhanced by high temperatures during dispersion of the protein-containing substance in the alkaline solvent.
Disadvantageously, in the process known from published German Patent Application 41 33 538 for preparing the proteins from the protein-containing substance various chemicals have to be used with a great surplus to enable an, especially continuous, industrial scale application of the process. I. e., the dry matter content in each process step is relatively small, and hence, the specific costs for the various chemicals and the specific energy consumption, for example in concentrating and drying the proteins at the end, are high. The low acceptable dry matter concentration in the continuous application of the process can be put down to the fact that the protein-containing substance as such is hardly dispersable. Therefore, an effective homogenization by means of high pressure disintegration has to take place in bypass. A single high pressure disintegration is not sufficient for homogenization.
Further, the proteins prepared according to the known process are disadvantageously insoluble in the physiological pH range. They have a certain dispersability which, however, depends on the details of the process control. For example proteins concentrated by precipitation and isolated by drying have a dispersability which is high above the protein-containing substance, but which is too low for various applications, for example, for using the proteins as animal food or in the food stuff industry.
A process for preparing proteins from a protein-containing substance, wherein said substance is dispersed in an alkaline solvent with a pH of over 11.5, whereby the proteins contained in the substance are dissolved; and wherein the resulting solution is neutralized and the proteins contained in the solution are concentrated is also known from U.S. Pat. No. 4,624,805. With regard to the protein-containing substance, the process starts with untreated agricultural products, especially with grain. The grain is milled and stirred in the alkaline solvent. The dispersion of grain flour and alkaline solvent is treated with ultrasound to accelerate the dissolution of the proteins which are still native, here. Therein, a maximum temperature of 54.degree. C. is kept. The lowest temperature during
REFERENCES:
patent: 3857966 (1974-12-01), Feldman et al.
patent: 4088795 (1978-05-01), Goodnight, Jr. et al.
patent: 4265917 (1981-05-01), Fabre
patent: 4482574 (1984-11-01), Lee
Nupron GmbH Proteinwerk
Weber Jon P.
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