Microwave paging architecture

Details Microwave paging architecture Microwave paging architecture

2000-12-22

2003-06-24

Yoo, Do Hyun (Department: 2187)

Electrical computers and digital processing systems: memory

Storage accessing and control

Specific memory composition

C071S064120, C071S005000, C071S064120, C071S064120, C342S001000, C342S057000

Reexamination Certificate

active

06584542

ABSTRACT:

TECHNICAL FIELD OF THE INVENTION
The present invention relates to mobile telecommunications, and more specifically, to mobile station (terminal) hardware.
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
In a typical mobile telecommunication system, such as a Global System for Mobile communications (GSM), a mobile station operates in either a paging (idle) mode or an active mode. During the paging mode, a mobile station monitors a paging channel (PCH), located on the downlink of the control channel, used by a base station to alert mobile stations of incoming calls. A random access channel (RACH), located on the uplink of the control channel, can be used by the mobile station to transmit a request for a mobile originated call. When a connection (such as a phone call) is established, either incoming or outgoing, mobile terminated or mobile originated respectively, the base station assigns the mobile station to a traffic channel.
Pursuant to the Global System for Mobile Communications (GSM) the bandwidth is divided among many users by a combination of frequency division multiple access (FDMA) and time division multiple access (TDMA) channels. The FDMA part involves the division by frequency of 25 MHz bandwidth into 124 carrier frequencies spaced 200 Khz apart. Each of these carrier frequencies is then divided in time, using a TDMA scheme. At least one of the carrier frequencies, known as the common control channel, is used to carry various control channels. The remaining carrier frequencies (traffic channels) are used for user data and voice communications. In a TDMA scheme, a number of different mobile stations can use the same carrier frequency, but at different times. Each carrier frequencies include a repeating frame structure, wherein the frame contains time slots
0
through m-1. Each time slot can be allocated as a receive channel or a transmit channel for a different mobile station.
Referring now to
FIG. 1
, there is illustrated a block diagram of a physical common control channel. The physical common control channel is made up of a repeating multi-frame
100
of 51 frames
116
. The multi-frame
1800
includes a Frequency Correction Channel (FCCH), frames
116
(
0
),
116
(
10
),
116
(
20
),
116
(
30
),
116
(
40
), followed by a Synchronization Channel (SCH), frames
116
(
1
),
116
(
11
),
116
(
21
),
116
(
31
), and
116
(
41
), a Broadcast Control Channel (BCCH), frames
116
(
2
. . .
5
), and an Idle Frame, frame
116
(
50
). The remaining 36 frames include logical channel types such as paging channels (PCH), frames
116
(
6
. . .
9
,
12
. . .
19
), access grant channels (AGCH),
116
(
22
. . .
29
,
32
. . .
39
,
42
. . .
49
), Common Control Channel (CCCH), Stand-alone Dedicated Control Channel (SDCCH) and Slow Associated Control Channel (SACCH).
The paging channels (PCH) are divided into paging channel groups of four frames, frames
116
(
6
. . .
9
), frames
116
(
12
. . .
15
), and frames
116
(
16
. . .
19
), wherein each particular frame.group forms a particular logical paging channel. The mobile station served by the base station are divided into groups, wherein each group is associated with a particular logical paging channel. While in the paging mode, the mobile stations monitors only the particular logical paging channel associated therewith. Likewise, the base station only pages the mobile station using the associated logical paging channel.
The base station uses the paging channel monitored by the mobile station to notify the mobile station of incoming calls. When the subscriber at a mobile station wishes to place an outgoing phone call, call origination, the mobile station transmits a request to place an outgoing call using one of the random access channels (RACH). Upon reception of the RACH the base station uses one of the access grant channels
116
(
22
. . .
29
,
32
. . .
39
,
42
. . .
49
) to assign a receive and transmit channel to the mobile station.
Referring now to
FIG. 2A
, there is illustrated a block diagram of the traffic channel (TCH), referenced generally by the numeric designation
200
, pursuant to the GSM specifications. The traffic channels
200
are used to carry speech and data traffic. The traffic channels
200
use a repeating TCH multiframe
205
which includes 26 frames
116
. The length of the TCH multiframe is 120 ms, and thus each frame is 4.615 ms in length. Out of the 26 frames
116
,
24
are used for traffic
116
a
, one frame is used for the Slow Associated Control Channel (SACCH)
116
b
, and one frame is unused, the IDLE frame
116
c
. Each of the 24 frames used for traffic include eight 0.576 ms burst periods, known as slots
210
. Each of the slots
210
can be allocated to a different mobile station. Depending on whether the traffic channel
200
is a downlink channel or an uplink channel, the mobile station either receives or transmits data in bursts during the allocated slot
210
. Wherein the traffic channel
200
is an uplink channel, the mobile station transmits data in bursts, while if the traffic channel
200
is a downlink channel, the mobile station receives data in bursts.
Each slot
210
of frames
116
a
allows for transmission of 156.25 bits of data, which include two 57-bit data blocks
215
, 26 midamble bits
220
, 2 stealing bits
225
, 2 sets of 3-bit tail bits
230
, and 8.25 guard bits
235
. The two 57-bit data blocks
215
are used to carry user data or voice communications while the remaining bits are for control and synchronization purposes. As noted above, each slot is 0.576 ms in duration, thereby corresponding to a bit transmission rate of 270.833 Kbps on the traffic channel
200
.
Referring now to
FIG. 2B
, there is illustrated an active mode timing diagram for a mobile station. A mobile station engaged in a phone conversation, i.e., in the active mode, is allocated one slot
210
a
of a downlink traffic channel
200
for receiving data bursts, and one slot
210
b
of an uplink traffic channel
200
for transmitting data bursts. The downlink traffic channel and slot
210
a
position wherein the mobile station receives the data burst is known as the receive channel, while the uplink traffic channel
200
and slot
210
b
position wherein the mobile station transmits the data burst define a transmit channel. Pursuant to GSM specifications, the receive channel and transmit channel are staggered, such that the traffic channel follows three slots behind the receive channel.
Additionally, mobile stations routinely measure the received signal strength of the signal received from the base station serving the mobile station as well as surrounding base stations. The foregoing permits conducting a continuous phone conversation while the mobile station traverses the coverage area of one base station and enters the coverage area of another base station. The time period wherein the mobile station measures the receive signal strength is known as a monitor cycle
240
. Monitor cycles can occur anywhere within the frame but typically occur during the TDMA frame between the transmit channel and the receive channel. To satisfy some GPRS scenarios the monitor cycle must occur between the receive and the transmit.
In recent years, the use of mobile stations has increased exponentially. Whereas ordinary wireline phones require connection of the terminal to a wireline, mobile station users can engage in telephone conversations anywhere within a vast service area of the cellular telecommunications network. In addition to voice communication services, wireline telephones are often used for access to data services and the internet. Although recent advances in broadband technology allow for cable connections, digital subscriber loops (DSL), local area network (LAN) connections, and Ethernet connections, each of the foregoing have the common drawback of requiring a wireline connection. Therefore, another major benefit mobile stations provide is wireless access to the internet and data services.
However, many mobile telecommunications systems are based on circuit switched radio transmission. At the air

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