Computer-aided design and analysis of circuits and semiconductor – Nanotechnology related integrated circuit design
Reexamination Certificate
1998-12-11
2002-04-02
Smith, Matthew (Department: 2825)
Computer-aided design and analysis of circuits and semiconductor
Nanotechnology related integrated circuit design
C716S030000, C716S030000, C716S030000
Reexamination Certificate
active
06367065
ABSTRACT:
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
1. Field of the Invention
The present invention relates to digital computing, and more particularly to an N-NARY design tool for semiconductors that generates both a behavioral model and a physical model of a subcircuit design.
A portion of the disclosure of this patent document contains material that is subject to copyright protection. The copyright owner has no objection to the facsimile reproduction by anyone of the patent document or the patent disclosure, as the material appears in the Patent and Trademark Office patent file or records, but otherwise reserves all copyright rights whatsoever.
2. Description of the Related Art
N-NARY logic is a dynamic logic design style fully described in a copending patent application, U.S. patent application Ser. No. 09/019,355, filed Feb. 5, 1998, now U.S. Pat. No. 6,066,965, and titled “Method and Apparatus for a N-NARY logic Circuit Using 1-of-4 Signals”, which is incorporated herein for all purposes and is hereinafter referred to as “The N-NARY Patent.” (The present invention supports one feature of N-NARY logic not disclosed in The N-NARY Patent; that is, null values are supported by the present invention as discussed below.)
The N-NARY logic family supports a variety of signal encodings, including 1-of-4. In 1-of-4 encoding, four wires are used to indicate one of four possible values. In contrast, traditional static logic design uses two wires to indicate four values, as is demonstrated in Table 1. In Table 1, the A
0
and A
1
wires are used to indicate the four possible values for operand A:00, 01, 10, and 11. Table 1 also shows the decimal value of an encoded 1-of-4 signal corresponding to the two-bit operand value, and the methodology by which the value is encoded using four wires.
TABLE 1
2-bit
N-NARY
N-NARY (1-of-4)
operand
(1-of-4) Signal A
Signal A
value
Decimal Value
1-of-4 wires asserted
A
1
A
0
A
A[3]
A[2]
A[1]
A[0]
0
0
0
0
0
0
1
0
1
1
0
0
1
0
1
0
2
0
1
0
0
1
1
3
1
0
0
0
“Traditional” dual-rail dynamic logic also uses four wires to represent two bits, but the dual-rail scheme always requires two wires to be asserted. In contrast, as shown in Table 1, N-NARY logic only requires assertion of one wire. The benefits of N-NARY logic over dual-rail dynamic logic, such as reduced power and reduced noise, should be apparent from a reading of the N-NARY Patent. All signals in N-NARY logic, including 1-of-4, are of the 1-of-N form where N is any integer greater than one. A 1-of-4 signal requires four wires to encode four values (0-3 inclusive), or the equivalent of two bits of information. More than one wire will never be asserted for a valid 1-of-N signal. Similarly, N-NARY logic requires that a high voltage be asserted on only one wire for all values, even 0.
Any one N-NARY logic gate may comprise multiple inputs and/or outputs. In such a case, a variety of different N-NARY encodings may be employed. For instance, consider a gate that comprises two inputs and two outputs, where the inputs are a 1-of-4 signal and a 1-of-2 signal and the outputs comprise a 1-of-4 signal and a 1-of-3 signal. Variables such as P, Q, R, and S may be used to describe the encoding for these inputs and outputs. One may say that one input comprises 1-of-P encoding and the other comprises 1-of-Q encoding, wherein P equals two and Q equals four. Similarly, the variables R and S may be used to describe the outputs. One might say that one output comprises 1-of-R encoding and the other output comprises 1-of-S encoding, wherein R equals four and S equals 3. Through the use of these, and other, additional variables, it is possible to describe multiple N-NARY signals that comprise a variety of different encodings.
Supporting a new logic design style requires the invention of new coding techniques to support the computer-aided design of logic circuits and their constituent subcircuits. The N-NARY logic design style is no exception. The need to perform logical verification of circuits as well as provide a means of describing the physical design and interconnectivity of these circuits creates conflicting requirements. Physical circuit descriptions do not accidentally provide automatic means of logically verifying their correctness, and logical descriptions do not accidentally provide information on how each transistor in a circuit is connected to its neighbors.
Logic design tools of the prior art, such as VHDL and Verilog, keep libraries of subcircuits, or cells. These library cells represent significant effort expended to perform two separate tasks. To use the prior art tools, one must first develop a schematic representation of the configuration of the transistors for the cell under design. Second, one must develop a behavior model of the particular logical operation desired from the cell. In conjunction with this two-step process, there is considerable effort required to verify that the behavioral model and the schematic “match up” to create the desired functionality.
In contrast, the tool of the present invention does not require a semiconductor designer to develop a schematic and a separate behavioral model that must be verified against each other. Instead, the design tool of the present invention separately compiles both a behavioral model and a physical circuit description from one syntax statement. The present invention guarantees that the schematic and the behavioral model will “match up,” greatly reducing the man-hours needed to design semiconductor circuits. This process is particularly helpful in the design of N-NARY semiconductor circuits, since the N-NARY logic family creates the opportunity for various physical circuit descriptions that perform the same logical function. The problem of matching a behavioral model with a physical description therefore becomes critical in the context of N-NARY circuit design.
SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION
The present invention comprises a method and apparatus for a syntax statement that describes the logical and physical characteristics of a logic gate. The syntax statement of the present invention is a component of a hardware definition language. The syntax statement further comprises a signal naming convention and one or more gate instantiations that are built according to the signal naming convention. The signal naming convention further comprises one or more of the following: an optical bit field, an optional descriptor field, a signal degree field, an evaluation field, and a clock phase field. Additionally, the gate instantiations further comprises one or more gate output signal variables, one or more gate operators, and one or more gate expressions. And, the gate expression further comprises one or more of the following: a mux select expression, an arithmetic expression, a logical expression, a multiple output expression, a capacitance isolation expression, or a shared node expression. Further, the gate output signal variable further comprises one or more of the following: an optional bit field, an optional descriptor field, a signal degree field, an evaluation field, and a clock phase field. One embodiment of the present invention describes N-NARY logic and N-NARY logic circuits. Another embodiment of the present invention describes CMOS logic and CMOS logic circuits. And finally, another embodiment of the present invention can describe the same logical function of the logic circuit with physically different arrangements of individual transistors.
Additionally, the present invention comprises a design tool to support design of a N-NARY logic circuit. The designer develops a syntax statement that comprises encoded information according to a defined syntax governing signal naming, logical function, and circuit performance. The encoded syntax statement describes the desired logical function of the N-NARY logic circuit and the specific configuration of transistors required to build the N-NARY logic circuit. The syntax statement is provided to a compiler that processes and decodes the syntax statement, and generates from the syntax statement a behavioral
Blomgren James S.
Leight Timothy S.
Potter Terence M.
Booth Matthew J.
Booth & Wright, L.L.P.
Do Thuan
Intrinsity, Inc.
Smith Matthew
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