Food or edible material: processes – compositions – and products – Products per se – or processes of preparing or treating... – Animal derived material is an ingredient other than extract...
Patent
1983-05-26
1985-07-30
Penland, R. B.
Food or edible material: processes, compositions, and products
Products per se, or processes of preparing or treating...
Animal derived material is an ingredient other than extract...
426472, 426480, A23K 110
Patent
active
045321442
DESCRIPTION:
BRIEF SUMMARY
This invention relates to a process for continuous manufacture of meat meal and fat from an animal raw material a stream of the latter being completely or partly boiled in a boiler, which is heated indirectly with steam, the boiled material being separated, partly in a stream of solid material, which is completely or partly dried in a dryer, which is heated indirectly by steam, partly a fat stream and partly of proteinuous so called stick water, which is at least partly evaporated to a relatively concentrated state and is discharged from the system or is alternatively dried, preferably together with said solid material. Such processes are well known and are available in several variations. The raw material, for example fish, whole or disintegrated, is preheated in a preheater and is finally boiled in a boiler. The mass thus obtained is separated by a centrifugal separator or a press into said stream of solid material, which is dried, respectively a stream of proteinuous water, mixed with solid substance and fat, which stream is separated in a series of centrifugal separators, into a fat stream, which is discharged from the system, and said stick water stream, which is evaporated to a concentrate in an evaporator plant. This usually comprises several steps, coupled in series in order that a reasonably good heat economy is achieved.
In later years the rising energy costs have enforced processes comprising means for heat recovery. Thus there are devices for heat recovery from the dryer steps and the evaporator plant. They are complicated, however, and show some drawbacks. The separate process steps are namely dependent upon each other so that balance problems may occur. Such systems are characterized by great international feed-back and demand a long period of start up till equilibrium and stability is achieved. For this reason the start up and recovery after operational disturbances will demand a long period of time, so that the capacity is decreased. In many cases a supporting heating system is installed for security reasons, which system is often misused, so that the heat recovery devices are not utilized.
The objective of the present invention is to provide a process of the type mentioned introductorily, which is simple and reliable, which can be heat balanced easily and quickly and which shows a low energy consumption (kgs oil per ton raw material).
According to the invention such as invention is characterized in that there is generated in a steam generator a steam stream, which is brought to drive a steam turbine under expansion to a relatively high so called back pressure, at which pressure the steam stream is led to heat said boiler and said dryer, the condensate stream resulting from the steam stream preferably being recirculated to said steam generator, the steam tubine being brought to drive a mechanical compressor, like a centrifugal compressor, said stick water stream being brought to yield a first stream of expansion steam in at least a first expansion vessel by pressure reduction, which expansion steam is led to the mechanical compressor for compression, the flow of compressed steam being brought to yield heat in a first heat exchanger to a stream of concentrated stick water, circulating in a circuit, comprising the first expansion vessel and the first heat exchanger, a part of the concentrated stick water being discharged from said circuit and possibly being led to said dryer for drying. The conventional evaporator plant has been replaced by one or several circulation circuits, each of them comprising an expansion vessel and a heat exchanger, evaporator effect being fed by compressing of the liberated steam.
Two or a plurality of expansion vessels may be used, coupled in series, the amount of concentrated stick water, that is discharged from said circuit being fed to a second circulation circuit, comprising a second expansion vessel and a second heat exchanger, the stream in question being brought to yield a second stream of expansion steam, which is fed to the mechanical compressor for compre
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patent: 3959518 (1976-05-01), Vincent
patent: 4122208 (1978-10-01), Tronstad
patent: 4212889 (1980-07-01), Fuentevilla
patent: 4344976 (1982-08-01), Bladh
patent: 4405649 (1983-09-01), Jeffreys et al.
patent: 4405653 (1983-09-01), Gray
Alfa-Laval AB
Hapgood Cyrus S.
Penland R. B.
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