Compositions – Water-softening or purifying or scale-inhibiting agents
Patent
1993-04-26
1995-02-28
Lieberman, Paul
Compositions
Water-softening or purifying or scale-inhibiting agents
252135, 25217424, 252DIG11, C11D 312, C11D 308, C11D 337, C11D 760
Patent
active
053934555
DESCRIPTION:
BRIEF SUMMARY
FIELD OF THE INVENTION
1. Field of the Invention
This invention relates to a phosphate-free builder combination, to a process for its production and to a detergent containing this builder combination.
In practice, phosphate Substitutes in detergents include, above all, zeolite, particularly zeolite NaA, and mixtures of zeolite with alkali metal silicates and carbonates and also polymeric polycarboxylates. Other phosphate substitutes which have been used are complexing agents, such as the salts of nitrilotriacetic acid (NTA), ethylenediamine tetraacetic acid (EDTA) and phosphonic acids. The function of the complexing agents, most of which have a selective effect, is to eliminate heavy metal ions which, even in traces, have a very unfavourable effect on the washing process (Ullmann, 1987, Vol. 8, pages 351 to 354). It is known that phosphonates also counteract the precipitation of poorly soluble calcium salts and, hence, the incrustation and discoloration of fabrics produced by poorly soluble calcium salts ("Einsatz yon Phosphonaten in flussigen Vollwaschmitteln", M. Paladini, G. Schnorbus, Seifen-Ole-Fette-Wachse, Vol. 114 (1989), pages 508 to 511). Finally, the combined use of phosphonates and copolymers based on acrylic acid and maleic acid provides the fabrics with greater whiteness by comparison with formulations containing only one of these two components ("Einsatz yon Phosphonaten in Haushaltswaschmitteln mit niedrigem Phosphorgehalt (1%)", M. Paladini, G. Schnorbus, Seifen-Ole-Fette-Wachse, Vol. 115 (1988), pages 756 to 760).
2. Discussion of Related Art
European patent application 291 869 describes phosphate-free builder combinations of zeolite, aminoalkane polyphosphonate, 1-hydroxyethane-1,1-diphosphonate (HEDP) and polymeric polycarboxylate, certain ratios by weight of the last three components showing a synergism in regard to the prevention of fiber incrustations.
Crystalline, layer-form sodium silicates have also been described as substitutes or partial substitutes for phosphates and zeolites. Thus, European patent application 164 514 discloses a phosphate-free builder combination which mainly contains crystalline layer silicates corresponding to formula (I) NaMSi.sub.x O.sub.2+1..sub.y H.sub.2 O, where M is sodium or hydrogen, x is a number of 1.9 to 4 and y is a number of 0 to 20, preferred values for x being 2, 3 or 4. They may be used as water softeners both separately and in detergents together with other builders, such as phosphates, zeolite, other silicates, phosphonates and polycarboxylates.
European patent applications 337 217 and 337 219 describe builder combinations for detergents which contain crystalline layer silicates corresponding to formula (I) above and, optionally, phosphates and polycarboxylates, such as citrates, gluconates, NTA and/or iminodiacetates, but no zeolite.
DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION
The problem addressed by the present invention was further to develop the field of phosphate-builder combinations with a view to reducing the content of organic synthetic compounds. It has surprisingly been found that the combination of fine-particle zeolite, crystalline layer silicate and a certain polymeric polycarboxylate meets the stringent demands imposed on the primary detergent effect and on the secondary properties, more particularly the inhibition of incrustation on fabrics and the prevention of deposits in washing machines, so effectively that there is virtually no need to use phosphonates and, preferably, no need at all to use phosphonates.
In a first embodiment, therefore, the present invention relates to a phosphate-free builder combination containing zeolite, polymeric polycarboxylate and crystalline layer silicate corresponding to formula (I) NaMSi.sub.x O.sub.2x+1..sub.y H.sub.2 O, where M is sodium or hydrogen, x is a number of 1.9 to 4 and y is a number of 0 to 20, and optionally phosphonates.
In another embodiment, the present invention relates to a detergent containing this phosphate-free builder combination of zeolite, crystalline layer silicates correspond
REFERENCES:
patent: 4664839 (1987-05-01), Rieck
patent: 4707290 (1987-11-01), Seiter et al.
patent: 4820439 (1989-04-01), Rieck
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patent: 4959170 (1990-09-01), Ulrich et al.
patent: 5066415 (1991-11-01), Dany et al.
patent: 5076957 (1991-12-01), Diehl et al.
patent: 5078895 (1992-01-01), Dany et al.
"Einsatz von Phosphonaten in flussigen Vollwaschmitteln", M. Paladini, G. Schnorbus, Seifen-Ole-Fette-Wachse, vol. 114 (1989), pp. 508-511. No Month Available.
"Einsatz von Phosphonaten in Haushaltswaschmitteln mit niedrigem Phosphorgehalt (1%)", M. Paladini, G. Schnorbus, Seifen-Ole-Fette-Wachse, vol. 115 (1988), pp. 756-760. No Month Available.
Poethkow Joerg
Smulders Eduard
Upadek Horst
Grandmaison Real J.
Henkel Kommanditgesellschaft auf Aktien
Hertzog A.
Jaeschke Wayne C.
Lieberman Paul
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