Wax and wax-based products

Fuel and related compositions – Candle composition

Reexamination Certificate

Rate now

  [ 0.00 ] – not rated yet Voters 0   Comments 0

Details

C431S288000

Reexamination Certificate

active

07833294

ABSTRACT:
The present lipid-based wax compositions commonly include a polyol fatty acid ester component (made up of partial and/or completely esterified polyols). Generally, at least a portion of the polyol fatty acid ester has been subjected to a transesterification reaction. Lipid-based wax compositions having a melting point of about 48° C. to about 75° C. can be particularly advantageous for use in forming candles. The wax may contain other components such as mineral wax, plant wax, insect wax, and/or other components. The polyol fatty acid ester component can include triacylglycerols such as those derived from plant oils (soybean oil, palm oil, etc.). The polyol ester component may be characterized based on one or more of its physical characteristics, such as SFI-40, SFI-10, typical crystal structure, IV, melting curve, and/or other properties.

REFERENCES:
patent: 1935946 (1933-11-01), Egan et al.
patent: 1954659 (1934-04-01), Will
patent: 3630697 (1971-12-01), Duling et al.
patent: 3645705 (1972-02-01), Miller et al.
patent: 3744956 (1973-07-01), Hess
patent: 3844706 (1974-10-01), Tsaras
patent: 4118203 (1978-10-01), Beardmore et al.
patent: 4134718 (1979-01-01), Kayfetz et al.
patent: 4293345 (1981-10-01), Zeilstra et al.
patent: 4314915 (1982-02-01), Wiegers et al.
patent: 4390590 (1983-06-01), Saunders et al.
patent: 4411829 (1983-10-01), Schulte-Elte et al.
patent: 4434306 (1984-02-01), Kobayashi et al.
patent: 4507077 (1985-03-01), Sapper
patent: 4554107 (1985-11-01), Takao
patent: 4567548 (1986-01-01), Schneeberger
patent: 4608011 (1986-08-01), Comstock
patent: 4614625 (1986-09-01), Wilson
patent: 4623488 (1986-11-01), Takao
patent: 4714496 (1987-12-01), Luken, Jr. et al.
patent: 4759709 (1988-07-01), Luken, Jr. et al.
patent: 4813975 (1989-03-01), Poulina et al.
patent: 4842648 (1989-06-01), Phadoemchit et al.
patent: 4855098 (1989-08-01), Taylor
patent: 5171329 (1992-12-01), Lin
patent: 5258197 (1993-11-01), Wheeler et al.
patent: 5338187 (1994-08-01), Elharar
patent: 5380544 (1995-01-01), Klemann et al.
patent: 5578089 (1996-11-01), Elsamaloty
patent: 5753015 (1998-05-01), Sinwald et al.
patent: 5843194 (1998-12-01), Spaulding
patent: 5885600 (1999-03-01), Blum et al.
patent: 6019804 (2000-02-01), Requejo et al.
patent: 6022402 (2000-02-01), Stephenson et al.
patent: 6063144 (2000-05-01), Calzada et al.
patent: 6099877 (2000-08-01), Schuppan
patent: 6106597 (2000-08-01), Starks et al.
patent: 6132742 (2000-10-01), Le Bras et al.
patent: 6156369 (2000-12-01), Eger et al.
patent: 6214918 (2001-04-01), Johnson et al.
patent: 6238926 (2001-05-01), Liu et al.
patent: 6258965 (2001-07-01), O'Lenick, Jr.
patent: 6276925 (2001-08-01), Varga
patent: 6277310 (2001-08-01), Sleeter
patent: 6284007 (2001-09-01), Tao
patent: 6497735 (2002-12-01), Tao
patent: 6503077 (2003-01-01), Orth et al.
patent: 6503285 (2003-01-01), Murphy
patent: 6582728 (2003-06-01), Platz et al.
patent: 6582748 (2003-06-01), Loh et al.
patent: 6599334 (2003-07-01), Anderson
patent: 6645261 (2003-11-01), Murphy et al.
patent: 6730137 (2004-05-01), Pesu et al.
patent: 6733548 (2004-05-01), Rasmussen et al.
patent: 6758869 (2004-07-01), Roeske et al.
patent: 6770104 (2004-08-01), Murphy
patent: 6773469 (2004-08-01), Murphy
patent: 6797020 (2004-09-01), Murphy
patent: 6824572 (2004-11-01), Murphy
patent: 2001/0013195 (2001-08-01), Tao
patent: 2002/0005007 (2002-01-01), Roeske et al.
patent: 2002/0144455 (2002-10-01), Bertrand et al.
patent: 2002/0157303 (2002-10-01), Murphy et al.
patent: 2003/0008257 (2003-01-01), Tao
patent: 2003/0017431 (2003-01-01), Murphy
patent: 2003/0022121 (2003-01-01), Biggs
patent: 2003/0046860 (2003-03-01), Tiffany et al.
patent: 2003/0057599 (2003-03-01), Murphy et al.
patent: 2003/0061760 (2003-04-01), Tao et al.
patent: 2003/0091949 (2003-05-01), Pesu et al.
patent: 2003/0110683 (2003-06-01), Murphy
patent: 2004/0000088 (2004-01-01), Wesley
patent: 2004/0221504 (2004-11-01), Murphy
patent: 2004/0250464 (2004-12-01), Rasmussen et al.
patent: 2005/0095545 (2005-05-01), Tischendorf
patent: 0 685 554 (1995-12-01), None
patent: WO 96/14373 (1996-05-01), None
patent: WO 02/092736 (2002-11-01), None
patent: WO 03/012016 (2003-02-01), None
patent: WO 03/070865 (2003-08-01), None
Abstract of JP 6009987 A, Jan. 18, 1994, (1 page).
Abstract of JP 4059897 A, Feb. 26, 1992, (1 page).
Behren et al., “Beeswax and other Non-Paraffin Waxes,” Presented at NCA Technical Meeting, Jun. 19-20, 1991, 6 pages.
Bell et al., “Sperm Oil Replacements: Synthetic Wax Esters from Selectively Hydrogenated Soybean and Linseed Oils,”Journal of the American Oil Chemists' Society, Jun. 1977, pp. 259-263, vol. 54.
Pages from Bitter Creek Candle Supply, Inc., Website (http://www.execpc.com/˜bcsupply/waxes.html, now @ (http://www.candlesupply.com), available at least by Jun. 29, 2000, 9 pages.
Pages from Ecowax™, Nature's Gifts, Inc., Website (http:/
giwax.com/ecowax.htm), available at least by Jul. 5, 2000, 3 pages.
Pages from Heartland Candleworks Website, available @ www.candleworks.org, available at least by Feb. 11, 2000, 4 pages.
Frahm, “Harvest Lights: The only soy-based candle, a bright idea,” available @ http://www.extension.uiuc.edu/˜stratsoy
ew
ews/html/909166253,html, Oct. 23, 1998, 2 pages.
In Business, “America's Shining Example of Sustainable Business,” available @ http://www.candleworks.org, Mar./Apr. 1998, 3 pages.
Noller, “Chemistry of Organic Compounds”,W.B. Saunders Company, 1957, pp. 181 and 192.
Orso, “New Use for Soybeans Has Bright Future,” available @ http://www.unitedsoybean.com
ews
r981014.htm, Oct. 14, 1998, 2 pages.
Purdue Agriculture News, Purdue May Agriculture & Natural Resources Package, available @ http://purduenews.uns.purdue.edu/UNS/paks/agpak.digest.9605.html, May 1996, 3 pages.
Purdue News, “Purdue students put the ‘happy’ back into birthday candles,” available @ http://www.purdue.edu/UNS/html4ever/9611.Schweitzer.candles.html, Nov. 1996, 3 pages.
Purdue News, “Purdue students put the ‘happy’ back into birthday candles,” available @ http:/www.purdue.edu/UNS/html4ever/9604.schweitzer.html, May 1996, 2 pages.
Purdue University School of Agriculture, 1998 Farm Progress Show, available @ http://www.admin.ces.purdue.edu/anr/98fps/fpspix/930.html, 1998, 4 pages.
Rezaei et al., “Hydrogenated Vegetable Oils as Candle Wax,”Journal of the American Oil Chemists' Society, Dec. 2002, pp. 1241-1247, vol. 79, No. 12.
Tao, “Development of Vegetable Lipid-Based Candles,” available at http://abe.www.ecn.purdue.edu/ABE/Research/research94/REPORT.94.Book—68.html, 1994,2 pages.
International Search Report and Written Opinion of the International Searching Authority for International Application No. PCT/US2004/014090, dated Oct. 20, 2004, 7 pages.

LandOfFree

Say what you really think

Search LandOfFree.com for the USA inventors and patents. Rate them and share your experience with other people.

Rating

Wax and wax-based products does not yet have a rating. At this time, there are no reviews or comments for this patent.

If you have personal experience with Wax and wax-based products, we encourage you to share that experience with our LandOfFree.com community. Your opinion is very important and Wax and wax-based products will most certainly appreciate the feedback.

Rate now

     

Profile ID: LFUS-PAI-O-4242665

  Search
All data on this website is collected from public sources. Our data reflects the most accurate information available at the time of publication.