Hydraulic and earth engineering – Earth treatment or control – Shoring – bracing – or cave-in prevention
Patent
1997-05-23
1999-03-02
Graysay, Tamara L.
Hydraulic and earth engineering
Earth treatment or control
Shoring, bracing, or cave-in prevention
405272, 405283, E02D 1708
Patent
active
058761535
DESCRIPTION:
BRIEF SUMMARY
The invention relates to a lining plate, consisting of profiled sheet metal elements enclosed between two rectangular sheet metal covers and hollow profiles welded together with the sheet metal covers, preferably as a frame structure made of circumferentially closed hollow profiles, for use in connection with trench lining in below-grade construction.
A lining plate with a circumferential hollow profile is described in DE 30 15 110 A1. This lining plate, also provided for shoring up trench walls, has exterior sheet metal plates essentially extending over the entire plate surface, a rectangular frame supporting the edges of the exterior sheet metal plates, and profiles which reinforce the frame and intersect each other. Together with the exterior sheet metal plates, the frame profiles constitute closed hollow box profiles, i.e. a hollow profile frame delimiting the plate body. In detail, the latter can consist of an upper anvil cross piece (pressure cross beam), on which pressure or blows are directed during operation; of lateral closing profiles (vertical cross beams) which can have a rectangular cross section, the same as the anvil profiles; and of a lower pointed or cutting profile of triangular cross section.
In order to be able to direct such lining plates during installation or removal, for example in the course of the assembly of a lining box or in the course of insertion into the trench during slide rail lining or box lining, fastening points are required, on which a crane hook, cable or the like is intended to be securely fastened in order to prevent accidents (for example because of dropping plates). In the known case the eyes disrupt the anvil cross bar. The frame structure is weakened by this. The entire plate, whose upper edge is often pounded by the excavator bucket during operation for the purpose of driving it in, therefore has a tendency toward flexural buckling in the area of the eyes in particular.
US-A-35 93 528 describes a lining plate for employment in connection with the trench lining in below-grade construction, consisting of a reinforced rectangular sheet metal cover and circumferential hollow profiles welded together with the sheet metal cover. Lifting eyes are located at the four inner corners of the lining plate. These are welded to the hollow profiles. Thus, these are brackets with a suspension eye attached to the outside of the lining plates adjacent to their circumferential hollow profiles. Elements welded on in this way are easily bent in the course of the rough work at the construction site, so that they can no longer be grasped by a crane hook.
In the course of assembling a lining box of two lining plates, generally the one lining plate is placed on the ground, then braces (these are spacers between lining plates standing opposite each other in the trench) are fastened in the plate resting on the ground, the second plate is then lifted over the first plate by a crane and the braces are inserted from below into the second plate and fastened there. During this operation it is necessary for the second plate to be accurately directed by the crane and securely held, so that no accidents can occur. To this end, in actual operations the exterior narrow sides of the two lateral closing profiles of the plate are pulled forward as "free" triangular sheet metal brackets up to approximately the tip of the cutting edge of the lower profile and are equipped with a suspension hole. During horizontal directing the crane can act on the two triangular brackets and on the eyes of further attachment points associated with the upper plate edge, i.e. at four points.
The drilled brackets provided laterally at the longitudinal ends of the cutting edge are generally bent after a short period of use, or even broken off. In actual use the lining plate is therefore held at the cutting edge during assembly in that the crane hooks are simply placed over the cutting edge--without a particular attachment point--. Then there is always the danger that one or the other hook slides to the side when the plate
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patent: 3230720 (1966-01-01), Bennett
patent: 3766740 (1973-10-01), Teegen
patent: 4002035 (1977-01-01), Wright
patent: 5180256 (1993-01-01), Krings
patent: 5336023 (1994-08-01), Burdine
patent: 5669738 (1997-09-01), Kundel
Graysay Tamara L.
Lagman Frederick L.
Wolfgang Richter
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