Technique for producing through watermarking highly...

Electrical computers and digital processing systems: support – Multiple computer communication using cryptography – Particular communication authentication technique

Reexamination Certificate

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Details

C713S179000, C713S189000, C713S190000, C713S194000

Reexamination Certificate

active

07051208

ABSTRACT:
Apparatus and an accompanying method, for forming and embedding a highly tamper-resistant cryptographic identifier, i.e., a watermark, within non-marked executable code, e.g., an application program, to generate a “watermarked” version of that code. Specifically, the watermark, containing, e.g., a relatively large number of separate executable routines, is tightly integrated into a flow pattern of non-marked executable code, e.g., an application program, through randomly establishing additional control flows in the executable code and inserting a selected one of the routines along each such flow. Since the flow pattern of the watermark is highly intertwined with the flow pattern of the non-marked code, the watermark is effectively impossible to either remove from the code and/or circumvent. The routines are added in such a manner that the flow pattern of resulting watermarked code is not substantially different from that of the non-marked code, thus frustrating third party detection of the watermark using, e.g., standard flow analysis tools. To enhance tamper-resistance of the watermarked code, each such routine can provide a pre-defined function such that if that routine were to be removed from the marked code by, e.g., a third party adversary, then the marked code will prematurely terminate its execution.

REFERENCES:
patent: 5748741 (1998-05-01), Johnson et al.
patent: 6192475 (2001-02-01), Wallace et al.
patent: 6594761 (2003-07-01), Chow et al.
patent: 6668325 (2003-12-01), Collberg et al.
patent: WO 99/64973 (1999-12-01), None
Collberg et al, “Software Watermarking: Models and Dynamic Embeddings”, 1999, ACM, pp. 311-324.
Qu et al, “Analysis of Watermarking Techniques for Graph Coloring Problem”, 1998, ACM, pp. 190-193.

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