Heating – With work cooling structure
Patent
1997-02-27
2000-11-21
Ferensic, Denise L.
Heating
With work cooling structure
432101, 432202, 110256, F27D 1502
Patent
active
061494259
DESCRIPTION:
BRIEF SUMMARY
TECHNICAL FIELD
The present invention refers to a static furnace, more specifically to a static furnace for the thermal decomposition of solids at high temperatures by thermal radiation.
SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION
The furnace of the present invention is characterized by the utilization of essentially thermal radiation as the source of the heat needed in the process. Hence, the direct contact with the hot gases is avoided, these hot gases being generated in the combustion of fuels in the furnace environment, also avoided is the contamination of the CO.sub.2 or of the sulfur (vapor) formed in the thermal decomposition of the limestone or of the pyritic substances, and of the solid residue formed in the furnace.
The source of thermal radiation can be electric energy, combustion of fossil and/or renewable fuels, externally to the furnace environment and other forms of heating the furnace chamber by thermal radiation.
BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS
FIG. 1 represents the front elevation of a static furnace for the thermal decomposition of solids at high temperatures by thermal radiation of the present invention.
FIG. 2 represents a back elevation of the furnace of the invention.
FIG. 3 a top view of the furnace of the invention.
FIG. 4 represents a section according to the plane A--A in FIG. 3.
FIG. 5 represents a section according to the plane B--B in FIG. 4.
DISCLOSURE OF THE INVENTION
This furnace is intended for the decomposition of solids at a temperature range from 500.degree. C. to 1200.degree. C., for, for instance, limestone calcination (CaCO.sub.3), to produce a lime (CaO) of high reactivity and pure carbonic gas (CO.sub.2), at 100%, or the thermal decomposition of iron and copper pyrites, such as the pyritic rejects of coal, and the pyritic concentrates of iron and copper, to produce sulfur 100% pure and a residue of iron sulfide of industrial application.
The thermal radiation furnace, according to the present invention comprises the following main parts: gases/vapors; thermal energy recovery; of the furnace to the temperatures of thermal radiation; source of energy for the thermal radiation.
The solids are fed through the top of the furnace and are moved in their path by gravity action until their removal from the furnace. A feeding hopper 1, silo or other means to store the solids, in the highest part of the assembly, discharges the solids through a rotating valve 2, for example, or other feeding mechanism to the furnace, which defines tightness, preventing the gases/vapors formed in the environment to escape.
The solids are fed to the furnace at ambient temperature and they require to be heated up to the process temperature of the thermal decomposition, in the range 500.degree. C. to 1200.degree. C. On the other hand, the gases/vapors formed in the thermal decomposition which occurs in the reactor by thermal radiation being in the range of temperatures between 500.degree. C. and 1200.degree. C., must be cooled down to temperatures suitable to their recovery and utilization in the following steps.
Therefore, the solids pre-heating takes place simultaneously to the gases/vapors cooling in the upper regions of the furnace, where the solids descend by gravity and the gases/vapors rise in counter-flow and in direct contact with the solids, thus producing the desired effects.
Once heated to the desired temperature of operation, the solids enter the thermal decomposition reaction zone, which is strictly maintained at this defined temperature, rigorously controlled by the heating sources of those thermal radiation surfaces. The downflow in the reactor is caused by the gravity action. The solids remain in this reaction zone the necessary time for their complete conversion and the production of the desired products, that is, the residence time which is controlled by the solids movement by gravity through a mechanism of solids motion at the bottom of the furnace. To keep the quality or the purity of the gas/vapor formed, a slight overpressure is maintained in the furnace to prevent the contaminati
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Gusmao Carlos Alberto
Saddy Maury
Ferensic Denise L.
Liquid Carbonic Industrias S.A.
Wilson Gregory A.
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