Compositions – Compositions containing a single chemical reactant or plural... – Organic reactant
Patent
1989-04-07
1990-07-17
Albrecht, Dennis
Compositions
Compositions containing a single chemical reactant or plural...
Organic reactant
252 891, 252132, 252134, 252174, 252DIG5, 252DIG16, 424 70, 514846, A61K 748, A61K 750, C11D 948, C11D 1004
Patent
active
049419900
DESCRIPTION:
BRIEF SUMMARY
FIELD OF THE INVENTION
The described invention relates to an improvement in compositions for cleansing and conditioning the skin as well as to an improved method of cleansing and conditioning the skin. More specifically, the improvement comprises compositions in bar form which contain a weight ratio of a specific emollient material to a specific surfactant material in excess of about 1.3:1 and which yield a non-foaming skin cleansing and conditioning cream upon being manipulated in the wetted hands of the user. The principal emollient ingredient is a C-14-C-18 alkanol, preferably cetyl alcohol, and the principal anionic surfactant is either a sodium or potassium salt of a saturated C-12-C-18 mono-carboxylic acid, preferably the potassium salt, and/or a sodium or potassium salt of a non-soap, anionic detergent selected from the group consisting of isethionate, sulfate and sulfonate detergents. Additionally, the improvement in the method of cleansing and conditioning the skin comprises the step of forming a non-foaming, skin cleansing and conditioning cream by rotating a wetted bar of the inventive composition between the wetted hands of the user.
BACKGROUND AND PRIOR ART
Conventional soap bars are the most commonly used agents for cleansing and conditioning the skin. However, it is well known that soap tends to remove natural oils from the skin, thus causing roughness and dryness of the skin which is apparent when the fingers are rubbed across the washed and dried skin. Additionally, the person cleansing with soap often perceives a stinging sensation both when the hands are wet with the aqueous soap and after the hands are rinsed with water to remove the soap composition and dried.
Many modifications of the basic soap composition have been formulated in an attempt to avoid the disadvantages of the soap compositions. One approach has been to add a mildness agent to the soap bar such as 10% to 40% by weight of an alkyl-carboxy substituted sulfonate as shown in U.S. Pat. No. 4,260,570 or 0.25% to 25% by weight of a quaternary ammonium salt as shown in U.S. Pat. No. 4,303,54 or at least 10% by weight of an oil emollient, e.g., a mixture of mineral oil, isopropyl myristate and a polyethyleneoxide ingredient, as shown in U.S. Pat. No. 4,582,626 or up to 40% by weight of a clathrate of urea and free fatty acid as shown in U.S. Pat. No. 3,991,001.
A second approach has been to replace a major proportion of soap with a milder synthetic detergent and to include a superfatting ingredient such as stearic acid. For example, each of U.S. Pat. Nos. 2,894,912, 3,376,229 and 3,879,309 relates to acid pH bars which are milder than soap wherein a mixture of a major proportion of an acyl isethionate salt and a minor proportion of soap is employed as the principal surfactant in place of soap. These compositions also contain from 10% to 40% by weight of a C-6-C-18 carboxylic acid as a superfatting agent and as a binder-plasticizer. U.S. Pat. No. 3,951,842 describes an improved acyl isethionate bar of the type disclosed above which includes a mixture of sodium sulfate, sodium chloride and a linoleic dimer diacid salt as an anti-mushing agent. U.S. Pat. No. 4,007,124 also describes a similar improved acyl isethionate-soap bar which contains from 10% to 20% by weight of a C-12-C-14 alkane sulfonate salt as an anti-mushing agent.
A third approach has been to omit soap as an ingredient, thereby forming a non-soap, synthetic detergent bar having an acid pH. British Patent No. 1,570,142 describes a non-soap acyl isethionate bar containing a mixture of C-12-C-22 straight chain alcohol or acid in combination with a hydrogenated triglyceride as a binder. This binder system provides a plastic, but hard composition which cannot be achieved by either of the binder components alone. Another improvement in the non-soap, acyl isethionate detergent bars is disclosed in U.S. Pat. No. 4,100,097 wherein the described bars further include, by weight, 10% to 30% of paraffin, 5% to 15% of powdered starch and 10% to 30% of dextrin. Similarly, U.K.
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Morshauser, F., PCT International Publication No. WO 80/02154, Oct. 16, 1980.
Albrecht Dennis
Meller Michael N.
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