Reaction products of olefinically unsaturated carboxylic acids a

Details Reaction products of olefinically unsaturated carboxylic acids a Reaction products of olefinically unsaturated carboxylic acids a

1996-02-07

1997-08-26

Zitomer, Fred

Synthetic resins or natural rubbers -- part of the class 520 ser

Synthetic resins

Mixing of two or more solid polymers; mixing of solid...

252343, 252331, 252358, 525385, 525386, 526320, C08F 800, C08F 814

Patent

active

056612206

DESCRIPTION:

BRIEF SUMMARY
The present invention relates to reaction products of olefinically unsaturated carboxylic acids and polyetherols, obtainable by acids or their derivatives of the general formula I ##STR3## where R.sup.1 and R.sup.2 are each hydrogen, C.sub.1 -C.sub.4 -alkyl or carboxyl, R.sup.3 is hydrogen or methyl and R.sup.1 together with the carboxyl group may form a 5-membered or 6-membered anhydride ring, with a polyetherol of the general formula II ##STR4## where R.sup.4 is a radical of a monohydric or polyhydric alcohol or of a phenol or of an alkylphenol of 7 to 30 carbon atoms or a radical of an alkylphenol/formaldehyde or alkylphenol/acetaldehyde condensate, R.sup.5 is a branched or straight-chain C.sub.2 -C.sub.4 -alkylene group, where different units [R.sup.5 -O] may be present within a polyalkylene oxide chain, and X is an integer of from 5 to 120, in a molar ratio of compounds II to I of from 2:1 to 10:1 and in a weight ratio of from 25:1 to 1,000:1, carboxylic acids I and, if required, further olefinically unsaturated monomers copolymerizable with the carboxylic acids I, the amount of the carboxylic acids I being from 50 to 100 mol %, based on the amount of the olefinically unsaturated monomers, and the molar ratio of the polyetherol II to the sum of the olefinically unsaturated monomers used in process steps A) and B) being from 1:5 to 1:200, and subsequent not all hydroxyl groups are converted.
The present invention furthermore relates to the preparation of these reaction products and to mixtures which contain reaction products. Finally, the present invention relates to the use of the reaction products as demulsifiers for crude oil emulsions.
In the production of crude oils, an increasing amount of water is simultaneously extracted with increasing exploitation of the deposits. Surfactants present in the crude oils emulsify the major part of the water, stable water-in-oil emulsions being formed. The emulsion water may contain dissolved salts which lead to corrosion problems during further processing of the crude oil in the refinery. Furthermore, high water contents in the crude oil result in higher transport costs between the oil field and the refinery. The emulsion water must therefore be separated off before transport or must be reduced below an acceptable concentration. This is generally effected by adding oil demulsifiers, heating of the crude oil facilitating and accelerating the separation.
Crude oils differ greatly in their composition depending on their origin. The natural emulsifiers present in the crude oils have different, relatively complicated chemical structures and compositions, so that selective oil demulsifiers must be developed to overcome their effect. As a result of the development of new oil fields and owing to changed production conditions in older fields, there is a constant need for novel demulsifiers which ensure more rapid separation into water and oil and very small amounts of residual water and hence residual salt.
Known demulsifiers are polymeric oil demulsifiers, which include polymers having a carbon main chain. According to Patent CA 10 10 740, unsaturated functions which are capable of undergoing free radical polymerization and are polymerized in solution in subsequent reaction with other monomers in defined ratios are introduced into alkoxylated alcohols and alkoxylated alkylphenol/formaldehyde resins by etherification with unsaturated diglycidyl compounds (e.g. glycidyl acrylate), by esterification with maleic anhydride or unsaturated acids or by transesterification with esters of unsaturated acids.
DE-C 33 38 923 describes products which are obtained from the copolymerization of polyoxyalkylene ethers of allyl or methallyl alcohol with vinyl esters or acrylates or methacrylates. All these products have action-specific or preparation-related weaknesses. For example, when glycidyl compounds are used for introducing the unsaturated functions, gels and inhomogeneities are frequently formed in the polymerization and poor copolymerization conditions occur in the case of deriva

REFERENCES:
patent: 4678599 (1987-07-01), Fock
patent: 5156767 (1992-10-01), Fitzgerald et al.

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