Organic compounds -- part of the class 532-570 series – Organic compounds – Heterocyclic carbon compounds containing a hetero ring...
Patent
1998-01-29
2000-01-25
Rotman, Alan L.
Organic compounds -- part of the class 532-570 series
Organic compounds
Heterocyclic carbon compounds containing a hetero ring...
574284, C07D47100
Patent
active
060180463
DESCRIPTION:
BRIEF SUMMARY
TECHNICAL FIELD
This invention relates to novel pyridocarbazole derivatives having action in inhibiting highly selective cyclic GMP-phosphodiesterase (hereinafter abbreviated as cGMP-PDE), processes for producing such derivatives, pharmaceuticals containing at least one of such derivatives as an active ingredient, in particular, agents for preventing and/or treating pulmonary hypertension, ischemic heart diseases or diseases against which the cGMP-PDE inhibition is effective, and intermediates useful for the production of pyridocarbazole derivatives.
BACKGROUND ART
The identity of vascular endothelial cell derived relaxing factors has been found to be nitric oxide (hereinafter abbreviated as NO) which, like nitroglycerin used to treat angina pectoris, manifests its vascular relaxing action as mediated by the increase in cyclic GMP (hereinafter abbreviated as cGMP). Briefly, nitrites-like relaxing factors exist endogenously and counteract catecholamine and other endogenous vasoconstricting factors to adjust the tone of blood vessels to thereby contribute to the retention of adequate blood flow. Therefore, the decrease in NO or cGMP is believed to enhance vasotonia and reduce the blood flow in tissue, eventually causing circulatory disorders or ischemic heart diseases.
Increase in vasotonia resulting from damage to coronary endothelial cells which are in the class of NO producing cells is believed to induce insufficiency in the blood flow in myocardial tissue, thereby causing anginal attacks. This results from disorders in the NO-cGMP system working as an endogenous relaxing factor. The vasodilating action of nitrites depends on the diameter of blood vessels for the degree of relaxation and because of their active site specificity (i.e., thicker coronary arteries are relaxed more intensely), nitrites have so far been in common use. However, the nitrites have a disadvantage in that their action is transient and attenuated during prolonged use. In addition, it has been pointed out that among vasodilators, adenosine enhancers such as dipyridamole which dilate narrow portions of coronary arteries to increase the coronary blood flow increase the myocardial blood flow at normal sites rather than at the lesion, thereby aggravating the ischemia (this phenomenon is generally referred to as "steal") and, hence, showing side effects such as aggravation of angina pectoris and pectoralgia.
While no effective therapeutics have been available for the various pathogenic conditions that manifest pulmonary hypertension, it has recently been reported that NO gas inhalation therapy has certain utility. Since NO gas relaxes blood vessels and lower the pulmonary arterial pressure through the increase in cGMP, it is anticipated that activation of the cGMP producing system dilates selectively pulmonary arteries in the pulmonary circulation, thereby contributing to the treatment of pulmonary hypertension. Calcium blockers and many other vasodilating drugs have so far been used in attempts to treat pulmonary hypertension, none have been commercialized since every one of them is more potent in lowering the systemic blood pressure than the pulmonary arterial pressure. An oxygen therapy has been verified to be effective in achieving improvements after its application. However, oxygen intoxication occurs as a serious side effect and the occurrence of pulmonary lesions such as pulmonary edema and fibrosis has been reported with patients who were on prolonged oxygen therapy at home. The NO gas inhalation therapy is not an exception and the NO gas used in this therapy is one of the air pollutants NO.sub.x and will easily generate NO.sub.2 in the presence of oxygen, thereby potentially causing adverse effects on the airway and lungs; hence, utmost care is required in applying the NO gas and many problems are involved in its prolonged use. On the other hand, suppressing the cGMP degradation system is believed another way to maintain the concentration of cGMP, thereby allowing for selective decrease in the pulmonary arterial pressure. Brie
REFERENCES:
Harter, H.P. et al., vol. 30, No. 2, (Feb. 1976), pp. 50-52, particularly refer to compounds in formulas VII, VIII.
Henry Rapoport et al., J. Org. Chem., vol. 24, (Mar. 1959), pp. 342-327.
Rapoport et al., Chemical abstracts, vol. 54,(13), 14247c-14428-b (Jul. 10, 1960).
Kikuchi Akira
Nishida Hidemitsu
Nishijima Kazumi
Notso Tatsuto
Ohashi Masayuki
Mochida Pharmaceutical Co. Ltd.
Rotman Alan L.
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