Synthetic resins or natural rubbers -- part of the class 520 ser – Synthetic resins – Mixing of two or more solid polymers; mixing of solid...
Patent
1997-12-22
2000-08-29
Seidleck, James J.
Synthetic resins or natural rubbers -- part of the class 520 ser
Synthetic resins
Mixing of two or more solid polymers; mixing of solid...
525 67, 525143, 525316, C08L 5104
Patent
active
061110124
DESCRIPTION:
BRIEF SUMMARY
The present invention relates to a graft copolymer (P1) containing, in any desired sequence, 11.degree. C., which contains a vinylaromatic monomer as the monomer or as one of two or more monomers copolymerizable with one another and a crosslinker component comprising at least dihydrodicyclopentadienyl acrylate as a crosslinking agent having two or more functional groups of different reactivity and at least one crosslinking agent having two or more functional groups of the same reactivity and 10.degree. C., which contains at least one acrylate as the monomer or as one of two or more monomers copolymerizable with one another.
The present invention furthermore relates to a process for the preparation of these segments and to the use thereof for the preparation of graft copolymers, processes for the preparation of these graft copolymers, the use thereof in blends, blends containing graft copolymers, processes for the preparation of these blends and the use of these graft copolymers and blends for the preparation of thermoplastic materials and these thermoplastic materials. Preferred embodiments are described in both the subclaims and the description. The present invention furthermore relates to moldings, films, fibers and coatings which contain or use the novel graft copolymers, blends and materials.
Graft copolymers, which are frequently also referred to as core-shell particles, are known, for example, as impact modifiers for plastics, such as styrene/acrylonitrile copolymers, polyvinyl chloride (PVC), polymethyl methacrylate or polycarbonate. They may be composed of two or more stages. The grafting base, the core, may consist of an elastomeric soft segment, ie. one having a glass transition temperature of less than about 24.degree. C., for example less than 0.degree. C., or a nonelastomeric, hard segment, ie. one having a glass transition temperature of more than about 25.degree. C., for example more than 50.degree. C. The graft layer, shell, can accordingly be hard or soft, respectively, or, in the case of multistage graft copolymers, alternately hard or soft and soft or hard, respectively.
The glass transition temperature of the individual stages can be influenced in each case by the choice of the monomers and also by the addition of one or more crosslinking agents. For example, monomers which have two or more functional groups which are capable of reacting with the monomers forming the grafting base or graft layer have crosslinking activity. If all functional groups of the polyfunctional monomer react at the same rate, these monomers have only a crosslinking effect. If, however, the crosslinking agents contain functional groups of different reactivity, the functional groups which have not reacted may serve as grafting points, for example for binding a graft layer to the grafting base. Such crosslinking agents therefore have not only crosslinking activity but also graft-linking activity.
The purposes for which graft copolymers may be used, for example the manner in which they influence optical quality, colorability, stability to weathering or cracking under impact and stress crack corrosion in molding materials, depend on their composition as well as on their size and morphology.
It has not been possible to date to prepare graft copolymers (for example those composed of a polystyrene core, a first shell of polybutyl acrylate and a second shell of styrene/acrylonitrile copolymers) of large particle size having a true core-shell morphology if core and shell materials were incompatible with one another (cf. for example H. Okubo, Makromol. Chem., Macromol. Symp. 35/36 (1990), 307-325). Above certain particle diameters of the grafting base (above about 100 to 150 nm and total particle sizes above about 200 nm), it is in fact found that grafting base and graft layer do not have any defined core-shell morphology in such graft copolymers. The core is not completely and essentially concentrically surrounded by the graft layer. The grafting base and graft layer are partially mixed while the core material partially f
REFERENCES:
patent: 5206299 (1993-04-01), Shime et al.
Fischer Michael
Fischer Wolfgang
Grabowski Sven
Heckmann Walter
Koch Jurgen
Asinovsky Olga
BASF - Aktiengesellschaft
Seidleck James J.
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