Communications: radio wave antennas – Antennas – Microstrip
Patent
1997-04-21
1999-08-10
Kim, Robert H.
Communications: radio wave antennas
Antennas
Microstrip
343829, 343846, 343713, 343769, 343770, 343771, 343767, 343708, H01Q 138
Patent
active
059365790
DESCRIPTION:
BRIEF SUMMARY
FIELD OF THE INVENTION
The invention relates to radio technology, microwave technique, antenna-feeder units,--more specifically to strip antenna arrays used for the direct reception of satellite television broadcasts. At present time flat antenna used for the direct reception of satellite television broadcasts compatible with modern radio electronic equipment, with the efficiency of more than 0.7 and with aperture within 15 up to 30 waves, working frequency band up to 10% and with double linear and circular polarizations--is in the process of elaboration. Besides all of these antennas mentioned above must have simple construction, small thickness, high producing technology and same sizes and parameters, low value.
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
The following sources of information are known:
There are microstrip antennas for receiving two polarizations, with a dielectric sheet, on one side of which screen (grounding) metallization is arranged. On the other side, there are radiating elements and feeding systems for radiators of both polarizations.
Advantages of such antennas: simple construction--power circuits for radiators of both polarizations arranged on one surfaces of a dielectric sheet without intersection.
The main drawback of such antennas: big losses in power circuits. Besides arranged in different points of the dielectric sheet, it is impossible to use one converter with one input for signals of two polarizations. In polarizations, but it has power circuits sequence, and with aperture of D=20 it is practically impossible to use them in antennas intended for the direct reception of satellite television broadcasts within frequency band 5-7% and with the efficiency 60%.
This way these antennas have obvious limits for their use in satellite television systems due to their narrow-band and bad elliptic.
The closest prior art to the proposed technical decision is a planar antenna array used for reception of satellite television broadcasts with two linear polarizations with a dielectric cover and two line sheets arranged with observance of definite distance, with a plurality of radiating apertures; two thin dielectric sheets--with power circuit for receiving signals of one (vertical) linear polarization on one of them and with power circuit for receiving signals of the other (horizontal) linear polarization on the other sheet; screen layer; power circuits; including exciter elements connected electromagnetically with radiating apertures on a conductive layer, power splitting elements and output probes connected with one waveguide output. With presence of low-noise converter with electronic polarization switcher connected through round input waveguide with antenna: with feed to converter one voltage--receiving of signal of one polarization available, with feed to converter another voltage is obligatory: the presence of a metal plate with apertures dividing these sheets; four low dielectric insulators and many other references that arrange two dielectric sheets with intercross radiators and power circuits for these radiators between metal plates with apertures. Number of layers of such antennas together with protective cover, case, dielectric plates with power circuits, line plates with apertures, screen plates and so on is not less than 8-10. Besides that in order to escape diffraction petals of construction the radiator must be arranged on the distance not more than 0.9 I, where I is the length of wave in free space. And with aperture of antenna of D=20 the number of power dividers from input to radiator is not less than 8, which leads to considerable losses. More than that, as far as dielectric plates are arranged on different distances from upper conductive layer with radiating apertures and from bottom screen layer with apertures--this way conditions for exciting of radiating aperture by exciter elements of one sheet will differ from conditions for exciting of cross polarization by exciter elements of another sheet and they will not correspond to optimum. It is most clearly seen while receiving signa
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patent: 4291312 (1981-09-01), Kaloi
patent: 4605932 (1986-08-01), Butscher
patent: 4692769 (1987-09-01), Gegan
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patent: 5241322 (1993-08-01), Gegan
patent: 5661494 (1997-08-01), Bondyopadhyay
Antoshkin Viktor T
Gritsaev Alexandr V
Kapitsyn Alexandr P
Khudysh Alexandr I
Maiorov Sergei V
Kim Robert H.
Lauchman Layla G.
Zakrytoe Aktsionernoe Obschestvo Flant
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