Compositions – Fluent dielectric – N-containing
Patent
1991-02-15
1993-04-06
Clingman, A. Lionel
Compositions
Fluent dielectric
N-containing
25217417, 252549, 252554, 252555, 252558, 252559, 252121, C11D 183
Patent
active
052001156
DESCRIPTION:
BRIEF SUMMARY
This invention relates to a paste-form, water-based detergent which is suitable for the washing both of laundry and of articles having hard surfaces, more especially for manual dishwashing.
A viscous detergent concentrate containing at least one nonionic surfactant and at least two anionic surfactants and an organic solvent is known from EP 0 243 685 A2. This detergent concentrate, which contains ethoxylated alcohols or ethoxylated alkylphenols as nonionic surfactants and alkyl benzenesulfonates, alkyl ether sulfates and alkane sulfonates as anionic surfactants, may be diluted with water. It is suitable above all for manual dishwashing. GB 2,184,452 A describes a paste-form builder-containing detergent for the washing of laundry, dishes and hard surfaces which, in addition to a synthetic anionic surfactant of the fatty alcohol sulfate type, contains typical builders, such as sodium tripolyphosphate for example, and also free alkanolamine.
Glycosides of long-chain aliphatic alcohols, particularly fatty alkyl glucosides, are known from U.S. Pat. No. 3,219,656 (Boettner). These fatty alkyl glycosides are classed as nonionic surfactants. They may be combined with other nonionic and anionic surfactants and, hence, are suitable for use in detergents. A particular advantage of alkyl glycosides is their biodegradability. It is known from U.S. Pat. No. 3,547,828 (Mansfield et al) that the alkyl glucosides prepared by acidic catalysis from fatty alcohol and glucose may be regarded as three-component mixtures of alkyl monoglucoside, alkyl oligoglucosides and residual fatty alcohol.
The alkyl glycosides suitable for use as surfactants may generally be represented by the structural formula RO(G).sub.x, where R is an aliphatic radical containing at least 8 carbon atoms, preferably the residue of a primary alcohol and, more preferably, a fatty alkyl or fatty alkenyl radical containing 8 to 22 and preferably 12 to 18 carbon atoms. The symbol (G) in the formula stands for a glycose unit, glucose being preferred by virtue of its technical availability on the one hand and its high reactivity on the other hand. Finally, the index x is a number of 1 to 10 which represents the so-called degree of oligomerization, i.e. the distribution of monoglycosides and oligoglycosides. Whereas, in a given compound, x must always be a whole number, above all the number 1, 2, 3 or 4, the value x for a special alkyl glycoside process product, as an analytically determined theoretical value, is generally a broken number. Where the alkyl glycosides are represented by the formula RO(G).sub.x, the fatty alcohol component is disregarded. In principle, this fatty alcohol component may largely be controlled by careful distillation of the alkyl glycoside, i.e. the excess of fatty alcohol emanating from the reaction may be removed from the product to residual values of less than 1% of the total fatty alcohol component.
A foaming surfactant composition containing a special surface-active alkyl glycoside having a degree of oligomerization x of 1.5 to 10 and an alkyl monoglycoside content of 20 to 70% by weight, together with an anionic cosurfactant selected from the group consisting of surface-active sulfates, sulfonates, carboxylates and mixtures thereof, is described in EP 0 070 074 A2. The anionic cosurfactants mentioned include, in particular, alkyl benzenesulfonate, soap, zwitter-ionic surfactants, amphoteric surfactants, alkane sulfonates, .alpha.-olefin sulfonates, alkyl sulfates, alkyl polyglycol ether sulfates and paraffin sulfates and mixtures thereof. The described surfactant compositions are suitable for the production of products which foam vigorously in use, such as for example manual dishwashing detergents and shampoos.
The surface-active properties of the salts of .alpha.-sulfonated fatty acids, particularly the sodium salt, are known from "The Journal of the American Oil Chemists' Society", (1954), Vol. 31, pages 13 et seq and from Vol. 34 (1957), pages 100 et seq. Laundry detergents containing alkali salts of .alpha.-sulfonated, saturat
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Giesen Brigitte
Meffert Alfred
Syldatk Andreas
Wegener Ingo
Clingman A. Lionel
Henkel Kommanditgesellschaft auf Aktien
Jaeschke Wayne C.
Ortiz Daniel S.
Swope Bradley A.
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