Food or edible material: processes – compositions – and products – Products per se – or processes of preparing or treating... – Fat or oil is basic ingredient other than butter in emulsion...
Patent
1995-10-12
1997-10-28
Paden, Carolyn
Food or edible material: processes, compositions, and products
Products per se, or processes of preparing or treating...
Fat or oil is basic ingredient other than butter in emulsion...
426607, A23D 900
Patent
active
056816081
DESCRIPTION:
BRIEF SUMMARY
This application claims benefit of international application PCT/EP94/01041, filed Mar. 31, 1994.
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
Synthetic triglycerides comprising two different groups of fatty acid residues, i.e. fatty acids consisting of .omega.-3 unsaturated fatty acids and saturated fatty acids in the C.sub.8 -C.sub.10 range, wherein the fatty acid residues of the saturated C.sub.8 -C.sub.10 range are preferably bonded to the 1,3-positions, while the .omega.-3 fatty acids are preferably derived from plant oils, marine plankton oils, fungal oils or fish oils are known from U.S. Pat. No. 4,873,768 (although this is contradictory to the disclosure in column 4, lines 7-10 of U.S. Pat. No. 4,873,768, where it is stated that the saturated C.sub.8 -C.sub.10 fatty acid residues are preferably bonded to adjacent carbon atoms). A prerequisite for these triglycerides is that at least one .omega.-3 fatty acid residue is present and at least one C.sub.8 -C.sub.10 saturated fatty acid residue. Therefore, the maximum amount of .omega.-3 fatty acid residues is 66 wt. % (i.e. two of these residues are present) from which at least 50% is bonded at the 2-position.
The above-mentioned triglycerides can be used in enterally or parenterally administered compositions. The above-mentioned fats provide a means for the addition of fat calories while the fats do not give rise to problems in the the reticulo-endothecial system and do not act as substrates for prostaglandin systems.
According to U.S. Pat. No. 4,906,664, nutritional supports for patients suffering from cancer cachexia are obtained when the diet contains an amount of triglycerides containing medium-chain fatty acids and unsaturated .omega.-3 long-chain fatty acid.
In WO 92/19237, pharmaceutical compositions are disclosed that can be used in enteral preparations for treatment of lipid malabsorption. The lipids contain MLM-type triglycerides (M=medium-chain fatty acids C.sub.6 -C.sub.13 and L=long-chain fatty acids C.sub.14 -C.sub.24, e.g. unsaturated fatty acid residues). It is disclosed that the lipid absorption is greater for MLM than for randomized MLM triglycerides.
According to WO 91/095597, triglycerides that contain at least one C.sub.2 -C.sub.5 fatty acid residue and at least one C.sub.16 -C.sub.24 fatty acid residue can be used as a biological agent with effect on the intestinal mucosa.
From the above-mentioned references it can therefore be concluded that fat absorption, and therefore the digestibility of a fat, is improved when the 1,3-positions in the fat are taken by medium-chain fatty acids. So, if a graph were to be drawn, demonstrating the digestibility against the content of medium-chain fatty acids in the 1,3-positions, it would be found that the digestibility of MLM fat (=M=medium-chain fatty acid) would be far better than that of LLL fats. Simultaneously, digestibility would be expected to be in linear relationship to the percentage of medium-chain fatty acids present in the 1,3-positions of triglycerides. Surprisingly, however, it was found that the digestibility of fats comprising a mixture of M.sub.2 L and L.sub.2 M fats with an overall M content in the 1,3-position varying between 0 and 100% has a digestibility which is greater than expected in theory.
SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION
Therefore, we found triglyceride compositions having a digestibility that is higher than should be expected. These triglyceride compositions comprise fats derived from saturated medium/short-chain fatty acids and fats derived from long-chain unsaturated fatty acids, wherein the composition comprises: 6-14 carbon atoms; carbon atoms, the fatty acid distribution of L being such that 35-99.5%, preferably 40-80%, of the total L present being bonded at the 2-position.
DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION
Although the above-mentioned triglycerides are all very useful, a preference is expressed for the use of fats wherein the total amount of L is not 33-67 wt. % in case L is C.sub.18+.omega.-3 only.
In particular, a preference is expressed for the application of a trigly
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Cain Frederick William
Quinlan Paul Thomas
Loders Croklaan B.V.
Paden Carolyn
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