Cleaning compositions for solid surfaces – auxiliary compositions – Cleaning compositions or processes of preparing – For cleaning a specific substrate or removing a specific...
Patent
1995-05-22
1997-08-12
Lieberman, Paul
Cleaning compositions for solid surfaces, auxiliary compositions
Cleaning compositions or processes of preparing
For cleaning a specific substrate or removing a specific...
510223, 510230, 510247, 510434, 510410, 510471, 510472, 510474, 510476, 510477, 510480, 524 56, 524301, 524 32, 524556, 524602, 525 543, 525183, 525221, C11D 337, C08L 3500
Patent
active
056566468
DESCRIPTION:
BRIEF SUMMARY
FIELD OF THE INVENTION
The present invention relates to mixtures of polymers of monoethylenically unsaturated dicarboxylic acids and polymers of monoethylenically unsaturated mono-carboxylic acids and/or polyaminocarboxylic acids and the use of the mixtures as additives for phosphate-free or low-phosphate textile detergents, as additives in cleaners for hard surfaces and as water softeners.
DISCUSSION OF RELATED ART
GB-A-1 024 725 discloses a process for the preparation of polymaleic anhydride, in which maleic anhydride is polymerized in inert solvents, for example dialkyl ethers, tetrahydrofuran, dioxane, benzene or chlorohydrocarbons, such as chloroform, in the presence of organic percarbonates or diacyl peroxides. Particularly preferred solvents are benzene and chloroform. For example, diisopropyl percarbonate, dibenzoyl peroxide or dicyclohexyl percarbonate are used as polymerization initiators, in amounts of from 2 to 40% by weight, based on maleic anhydride. The polymers thus prepared contain considerable amounts of unpolymerized maleic anhydride.
In the process of GB-A-1 411 063, polymaleic anhydride is obtained by polymerizing maleic anhydride in xylene as a solvent, which contains up to 99% of orthoxylene, from 15 to 40% by weight, based on maleic anhydride, of di-tert-butyl peroxide being used as a polymerization initiator. The polymers prepared by this process also contain considerable amounts of unpolymerized maleic anhydride.
U.S. Pat. No. 3,810,834 discloses that hydrolyzed polymaleic anhydrides having a molecular weight of from 300 to 5,000 prior to hydrolysis or water-soluble salts of such hydrolyzed polymaleic anhydrides are used in the water treatment, scale formation being reduced and in many cases being virtually completely prevented. The polymers which are suitable for this purpose are prepared by polymerizing maleic anhydride in toluene using benzoyl peroxide and subsequently hydrolyzing the resulting polymaleic anhydride. Since the polymerization of the maleic anhydride is not complete and separation of unpolymerized maleic anhydride from the polymer is difficult, the polymaleic acids contain considerable amounts of maleic acid. This disadvantage is avoided in the process disclosed in U.S. Pat. No. 4,818,795, in which peroxyesters are used as polymerization initiators.
EP-A-0 264 627 discloses slightly crosslinked, water-soluble polymaleic acids which are obtainable by polymerizing maleic anhydride with from 0.1 to 10% by weight, based on maleic anhydride, of a crosslinking agent containing at least 2 ethylenically unsaturated double bonds, in an aromatic hydrocarbon at from 60.degree. to 200.degree. C. in the presence of from 1 to 20% by weight, based on maleic anhydride, of a peroxyester and hydrolyzing the polymer containing anhydride groups. The polymerization is preferably carried out in benzene, toluene, xylene, ethylbenzene, diethylbenzene, isopropylbenzene, diisopropylbenzene or a mixture of the stated aromatic hydrocarbons. The water-soluble polymaleic acids obtainable in this way are used as water treatment agents for reducing scaling and sediment due to water hardness in water-conveying systems.
EP-B-0 276 464 discloses a process for the preparation of water-soluble copolymers of maleic acid, in which maleic anhydride and from 1 to 20% by weight of a monoethylenically unsaturated monomer copolymerizable with maleic anhydride are copolymerized in an aromatic hydrocarbon at from 60.degree. to 210.degree. C. in the presence of from 1 to 20% by weight, based on the monomers, of peroxyesters. The copolymers thus obtainable are used as water treatment agents in water-conveying systems.
EP-B-0 009 171 discloses a process for the preparation of polymaleic acids from maleic anhydride in the presence of acetic anhydride and hydrogen peroxide as a catalyst. The polymaleic acids obtainable therefrom by hydrolysis are used as builders and incrustation inhibitors in detergents.
EP-A-0 396 303 discloses a process for the preparation of polymers of maleic acid, in which the polymeriza
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Denzinger Walter
Diessel Paul
Guembel Helmut
Hartmann Heinrich
Kroner Matthias
BASF - Aktiengesellschaft
Douyon Lorna M.
Lieberman Paul
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