Measuring and testing – Gas analysis – Solid content of gas
Patent
1997-01-22
1999-08-03
Williams, Hezron E.
Measuring and testing
Gas analysis
Solid content of gas
73 2805, 7386322, 738655, 422 80, G01N 1502, B07B 786, G01T 116
Patent
active
059327952
ABSTRACT:
Methods and apparatus for the continuous monitoring of ambient particulate mass in a gas sample encompassing the monitoring of PM.sub.10, (particulate matter greater than 10 .mu.m) and coarse particles (2.5 to 10 .mu.m), the determination of the size distribution of particles, the determination of particle density and the determination of particle-bound water, utilizing such laboratory equipment as an inertial impactor, a virtual impactor, diffusion dryer(s), HEPA filter(s), particulate matter collector(s), and pressure transducer(s).
REFERENCES:
patent: 4056969 (1977-11-01), Barringer
patent: 4117715 (1978-10-01), Hoening
patent: 4132894 (1979-01-01), Yule
patent: 4246788 (1981-01-01), Olin et al.
patent: 4301002 (1981-11-01), Loo et al.
patent: 4550591 (1985-11-01), Cox et al.
patent: 4670135 (1987-06-01), Marple et al.
patent: 4685066 (1987-08-01), Hafele et al.
patent: 5040424 (1991-08-01), Marple et al.
patent: 5090233 (1992-02-01), Kogure et al.
patent: 5239861 (1993-08-01), Fujita et al.
patent: 5317930 (1994-06-01), Wedding
patent: 5369981 (1994-12-01), Merz et al.
patent: 5401468 (1995-03-01), Patashnick et al.
patent: 5498271 (1996-03-01), Marple et al.
Baron, "Calibration and Use of the Aerodynamic Particle Sizer (APS 3300)," Aerosol Science and Technology 5:55-67 (1986).
Chuan, "Rapid Measurement of Particulate Size Distribution in the Atmosphere," in Fine Particles, edited by B.Y.H. Liu, Academic Press Inc., New York, New York, pp. 763-775 (1976).
Daley and Lundgren, "The Performance of Piezoelectric Crystal Sensors Used to Determine Aerosol Mass Concentrations," American Industrial Hygiene Association Journal 36:518-532 (1975).
Hering et al., "Particle Measurements for the Children's Health Study: Development of a Two-Week Sampler," 6th Conference of the Intl. Soc. for Environ. Epid./4th Conference of the Intl. Soc. for Expos, Anal. (joint conference), Research Park Triangle, North Carolina, Sep. 1994, abstract No. 260.
Hinds, in Aerosol Technology, John Wiley & Sons Inc., New York, New York, pp. 44-47, 49-50 111-113 (1982).
John and Reischl, "Anomalous Filtration of Solid Particles by Nuclepore Filters," Atmospheric Environment 12:1555-1557 (1978).
Koutrakis et al., "Development of a Continous Mass Monitor by Measuring Pressure Drop Across Filters," Abstract for EPA/A&WMA Conference, Research Triangle Park, NC, May 7-9 (1996) pp. 88-89.
Koutrakis et al., "Equilibrium Size of Atmospheric Aerosol Sulfates as a Function of Relative Humidity," Journal of Geophysical Research 94(D5):6442-6448 (1989).
Koutrakis et al., "Equilibrium Size of Atmospheric Aerosol Sulfates as a Function of the Particle Acidity and Ambient Relative Humidity," Journal of Geophysical Research 98(D4):7141-7147 (1993).
Lundgren et al., "Aerosol Mass Measurement Using Piezoelectric Crystal Sensors," in Fine Particles, edited by B.Y.H. Liu, Academic Press Inc., New York, New York, pp. 486-510 (1976).
Marple et al., "A Microorifice Uniform Deposit Impactor (Moudi): Description, Calibration, and Use," Aerosol Science and Technology 14:434-446 (1991).
Marple et al., "Low Flow Rate Sharp Cut Impactors for Indoor Air Sampling: Design and Calibration," JAPCA 37:1303-1307 (1987).
Marple and Chien, "Virtual Impactors: A Theoretical Study," Environmental Science & Technology 14(8):976-985 (1980).
McMurray and Stolzenburg, "On the Sensitivity of Particle Size to Relative Humidity for Los Angeles Aerosols," Atmospheric Environment 23(2):497-507 (1989).
Meyer et al., "Consideration for the Sampling and Measurement of Ambient Particulate Mass," Proceedings of A&WMA Conference, Pittsburg, PA, Apr. 4-6 (1995) pp. 204-210.
Patashnick and Rupprecht, "Continuous PM-10 Measurements Using the Tapered Element Oscillating Microbalance,"JAWMA 41:1079-1083 (1991).
Pope et al., "Respiratory Health and PM.sub.10 Pollution," Am. Rev. Resp. Dis. 144:668-674 (1991).
Rao and Whitby, "Non-Ideal Collection Characteristics of Inertial Impactors--II. Cascade Impactors," Journal of Aerosol Science 9:87-100 (1978).
Schwartz and Dockery, "Increased Mortality in Philadelphia Associated with Daily Air Pollution Concentrations.sup.1-4," Am. Rev. Resp. Dis. 145:600-604 (1992).
Sioutas et al., "Particle Loss in Glass Honeycomb Denuder Samplers," Aerosol Science and Technology 21:137-148 (1994).
Smith and Phillips, "Inertial Collection of Aerosol Particles at Circular Aperture," Environ. Science & Technol. 9:564-568 (1975).
Spurny et al., "Aerosol Filtration by Means of Nucleopore Filters: Structural and Filtration Properties," Environ. Science & Technol. 3:453-464 (1969).
Spurny et al., "Aerosol Filtration by Means of Nucleopore Filters: Aerosol Sampling and Measurement," Environ, Science & Technol. 3:464-468 (1969).
Tang et al., "Aerosol Growth Studies--IV. Phase Transformation of Mixed Salt Aerosols in a Moist Atmosphere," Journal of Aerosol Science 9:505-511 (1978).
Tang, "On the Equilibrium Partial Pressures of Nitric Acid and Ammonia in the Atmosphere," Atmospheric Environment 14:819-828 (1980).
Tang, "Phase Transformation and Growth of Aerosol Particles Composed of Mixed Salts," Journal of Aerosol Science 7:361-371 (1976).
Wilson and Liu, "Aerodynamic Particle Size Measurement by Laser-Doppler Velocimetry," Journal of Aerosol Science 11:139-150 (1980).
Koutrakis Petros
Sioutas Constantinos
Wang Peng-Yau
Wolfson Jack Mikhail
President and Fellows of Harvard College
Wiggins J. David
Williams Hezron E.
LandOfFree
Methods and apparatus for continuous ambient particulate mass mo does not yet have a rating. At this time, there are no reviews or comments for this patent.
If you have personal experience with Methods and apparatus for continuous ambient particulate mass mo, we encourage you to share that experience with our LandOfFree.com community. Your opinion is very important and Methods and apparatus for continuous ambient particulate mass mo will most certainly appreciate the feedback.
Profile ID: LFUS-PAI-O-851110