Abrading – Precision device or process - or with condition responsive... – With indicating
Reexamination Certificate
2000-03-06
2001-07-10
Eley, Timothy V. (Department: 3723)
Abrading
Precision device or process - or with condition responsive...
With indicating
C451S010000, C451S011000, C451S049000, C451S254000, C451S258000
Reexamination Certificate
active
06257956
ABSTRACT:
TECHNICAL FIELD
The present invention generally relates to the measurement of tire uniformity with a tire uniformity machine, and more specifically to the removal of the erroneous contributions of the tire uniformity machine to the tire uniformity measurement signals.
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
In the art of manufacturing pneumatic tires, rubber flow in the tire mold or minor differences in the dimensions of the belts, beads, liners, treads, plies of rubberized cords, etc., sometimes cause non-uniformities in the final tire. Non-uniformities of sufficient amplitude will cause force variations on a surface, such as a road, against which the tires roll producing vibration and noise. When such variations exceed an acceptable maximum level, the ride and handling of a vehicle utilizing such tires will be adversely affected.
Tire uniformity machines are used to monitor the quality of the tire production process and may guide or incorporate corrective measures such as the grinding to improve the balance and uniformity of a tire. In general, a tire uniformity machine subjects a tire to normal conditions of mounting, pressurization, rotation and load while collecting measurement data on variations of deflection, force and velocity. A tire uniformity machine typically includes an assembly for rotating a tire against the surface of a rotating loading wheel. In this testing arrangement, the loading wheel is moved in a manner dependent on the forces exerted by the rotating tire and those forces are measured by appropriately placed measuring devices. When a tire being tested yields less than acceptable results, shoulder and/or center rib grinders are used to remove a small amount of the tire tread at precisely the location of the non-uniformities detected by the measuring devices. In a sophisticated tire uniformity machine, the measurements are stored and interpreted in digital form by a computer and rubber is removed from the tire tread using grinders controlled by the computer. Examples of machines utilizing these methods are disclosed in U.S. Pat. Nos. 3,739,533; 3,946,527; 4,914,869 and 5,263,284.
Unavoidably tire uniformity machines are not themselves perfectly uniform, and so tire uniformity measurement signals may include an erroneous contribution from the tire uniformity machine itself. In effect, minor variations in the design, construction and operation of a tire uniformity machine contribute to variations of deflection, force or velocity that contaminate the tire uniformity measurements with a machine contribution. In general, tire uniformity machines are designed, manufactured and operated to minimize the machine contribution to the tire uniformity measurement data. However there are technical and cost limitations to the precision and care with which a tire uniformity machine can be built and operated such that some machine contribution is inevitable. The prior art provides a variety of examples addressing methods to avoid and correct tire uniformity measurement errors.
As noted by U.S. Pat. No. 4,404,848 ('848), it is often the case that measured values contain errors due to rotational deflections of the rims that grip the inspected tire and/or the load wheel of the tire uniformity machine. In addition small deflections occur due to the deterioration of parts, by rust, or by bruises which are developed during use of the inspecting machines. A method to correct these types of errors is disclosed by the '848 patent wherein the radial runout of the load wheel is measured without a tire in place to obtain an erroneous deflection signal. The erroneous deflection signal is then multiplied by the spring constant of the measured tire and subtracted from the measured value of the radial force obtained from the tested tire.
U.S. Pat. No. 4,404,849 describes a method for correcting errors of measurement due to variations in tire pressure in a tire uniformity inspecting operation.
U.S. Pat. No. 5,614,676 ('676) describes a method of vibration analysis for tire uniformity machines by using signals from load cells when the machine idles. The signals are sent to a computer that outputs an alarm signal when the amplitude of vibration at selected frequencies exceeds acceptable levels.
Since complete elimination of defects and imperfections with the tire uniformity machine is difficult, it is more practical to accept a certain degree of deflections and vibrations while continuing to develop improved methods to monitor and accommodate the inevitable machine contributions.
SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION
The present invention relates to a method for correcting errors of measurement made on tire uniformity machines by identifying and removing machine contributions from tire uniformity measurements. Tire uniformity machines are configured to test a tire under normal conditions of mounting, inflation pressure, load and rotational speed while collecting measurements of radial, tangential and lateral displacements and forces. The present invention is a method which includes calculating the effect of the average machine contribution to the measured values of production tire uniformity as measured by a tire uniformity machine. The machine contribution signal is subtracted from the production tire measurement signals to provide a more accurate basis to evaluate the uniformity of a production tire and guide, as necessary, corrective measures.
The method of the invention primarily includes the steps of performing one or more tire uniformity measurements on a test tire, and storing the average test tire uniformity measurement data to use as an indicator of the average machine contribution to tire uniformity measurements. When a production tire is measured on the same tire uniformity machine, the stored machine contribution data/signal is subtracted from the production tire data/signal to produce a corrected production tire uniformity measurement.
In an aspect of the method of the invention, the determination of the average machine contribution signal can be enhanced by performing repeated measurements of uniformity on the same single test tire. For these repeated measurements, the single tire is removed and remounted in a randomly determined orientation on the tire uniformity machine before each repeated measurement, and each repeated measurement is included in an average of all the measurements of the single test tire on the tire uniformity machine. This average becomes the average machine contribution signal to be stored for use in correcting production tire measurements.
In a first embodiment of the method of the invention, the repeated measurements are individually stored and then all averaged together upon completion of the final repeated measurement. In an alternate embodiment of the method of the invention, this process is somewhat simplified by gradually refining the average machine contribution signal by averaging each repeated measurement with the previously determined average before performing the next repeated measurement.
In an aspect of the method of the invention, the number of repeated measurements may be determined by calculations based on a statistical analysis which quantifies the random variability of the machine contribution.
In an aspect of the method of the invention, the corrected production tire uniformity signal is used to evaluate quality/uniformity of the production tire and to guide corrective procedures, such as but not exclusive to, grinding that may be used to improve quality and uniformity of the production tire.
In an aspect of the method of the invention, the method is implemented on a digital computer where measurement signals are digitized and stored, calculations are performed, and corrective control actions are processed in digitized forms in an arithmetic operation circuit.
In an aspect of the method of the invention, additional production tires are measured and their tire uniformity signals are corrected utilizing the stored average machine contribution signal.
REFERENCES:
patent: 2962737 (1960-12-01), Soderquist
patent: 3039839 (1962-06-01), Waters et al.
Luk Yiu Wah
Shteinhauz Gregory David
Cohn Howard M
Eley Timothy V.
The Goodyear Tire & Rubber Company
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