Organic compounds -- part of the class 532-570 series – Organic compounds – Carbohydrates or derivatives
Reexamination Certificate
2000-02-09
2001-07-24
Gitomer, Ralph (Department: 1623)
Organic compounds -- part of the class 532-570 series
Organic compounds
Carbohydrates or derivatives
C536S018500, C536S124000, C536S127000, C514S025000, C514S054000
Reexamination Certificate
active
06265555
ABSTRACT:
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
1. Field of the Invention
This invention relates to a method of manufacturing a composition with a high ganglioside content easily and quickly. Because the composition with a high ganglioside content that is manufactured by the method of this invention contains ganglioside at a high percentage, it is useful as a material used for various foods and drinks, medicines, chemical products, etc.
2. Description of the Related Art
Ganglioside is a general tenn for sphingoglycolipid that contains sialic acid and it is known that various molecular species exist. In recent years, biochemical research on ganglioside has been conducted actively and its physiological functions such as cell differentiation, nerve function, malignant alteration, viral infection and cell information transmission have been made known. Further, ganglioside is known to be contained in relatively large quantities in animal cell membranes and brains, fat globule membranes and so on.
Conventionally, for methods of manufacturing a composition with a high ganglioside content, a method to obtain fat globule membranes from buttermilk (Japanese Patent Laid-open No. 60-72819) and a method using ion-exchange resin (Japanese Patent Laid-open No. 2-207090) are known. However, the former method has a problem in that it is very difficult to manufacture a composition with a high ganglioside content on an industrial scale and the latter method has a problem in that it is not suitable for volume processing because it uses ion-exchange resin. The inventors of the present invention previously proposed a method using ethanol as an easy method of manufacturing a composition with a high ganglioside content (Japanese Patent Laid-open No. 9-291094).This method is capable of volume manufacture of a composition with a high ganglioside content, but it requires many procedures including a process in which the use of a membrane device is required.
A method to extract ganglioside from animal tissue using ethanol and propanol (Japanese Patent Laid-open No. 10-218892) is also known, but this is a technique that can only be applied to non-dry animal tissue. Using this method, it is difficult to manufacture in volume a composition with a high ganglioside content and it has a drawback that the recovery rate of ganglioside is very low.
Further, a method of preparing a composition with a high ganglioside content using methanol at the laboratory level (Tohru Nakao and Yoshio Hirabayashi,
Ganglioside Research Method I, p.
32, Gakkai-Shuppan Center, 1995) is also known. However, using methanol is hazardous and this method is not suitable for volume manufacture. Moreover, it is difficult to use the composition with a high ganglioside content obtained in this way as a food material.
Consequently, because of the existing circumstances, a method of easily and quickly manufacturing in volume a composition with a high ganglioside content and which can be used as a food material as well, is called for.
SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION
The inventors of the present invention earnestly proceeded with their research to develop a method of easily and quickly manufacturing in volume a composition with a high ganglioside content and which can be used as a food material as well. They discovered that the solubility of ganglioside in ethanol changed largely according to temperature. They also discovered that a composition with a high ganglioside content could be obtained easily and quickly in volume by dispersing a material containing ganglioside in an ethanol solution, raising the liquid's temperature to generate a precipitate, removing the precipitate, cooling a supernatant obtained to generate a precipitate, and recovering the precipitate. These discoveries led to developing this invention.
Consequently, a problem that this invention intends to solve is to provide a method of easily and quickly manufacturing in volume a composition with a high ganglioside content and which is useful as a material for various foods and drinks, medicines, chemical products.
A material containing ganglioside is dispersed in an ethanol solution so that the concentration of ethanol becomes 60~95%, and the solution is stirred at a temperature of 50~90° C. to dissolve the material. With this operation, ganglioside dissolves into ethanol solution and protein settles out. At this time, if the ethanol concentration of the ethanol solution is below 60% or exceeds 95%, the solubility of ganglioside drops and precipitates, and the ganglioside recovery rate drops.
The obtained supernatant containing ganglioside is cooled to a temperature lower than 0° C., preferably lower than −20° C. With this operation, ganglioside precipitates. At this time, if the temperature is higher than 0° C., the solubility of ganglioside does not drop sufficiently, and the ganglioside recovery rate drops.
By recovering the precipitate containing ganglioside obtained in the above- mentioned way, a composition with a high ganglioside content is manufactured.
Further, as materials containing ganglioside, which are used for this invention, internal organs and brains of animals, or dairy products including milk, butterserum, buttermilk, whey and whey protein concentrate (WPC) can be used. These materials containing ganglioside can be used as they are, or can be used by drying or condensing them.
REFERENCES:
patent: 5795980 (1998-08-01), Hanagata et al.
patent: 5844104 (1998-12-01), Yanahira et al.
patent: 60-072819 (1985-04-01), None
patent: 2-207090 (1990-08-01), None
patent: 9-291094 (1997-11-01), None
patent: 10-218892 (1998-08-01), None
Eto Masayuki
Kotani Masanori
Miura Susumu
Morita Minoru
Sugawara Makihiro
Gitomer Ralph
Knobbe Martens & Olson Bear LLP.
Maier Leigh C.
Snow Brand Milk Products Co. Ltd.
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