Food or edible material: processes – compositions – and products – Products per se – or processes of preparing or treating... – Protein – amino acid – or yeast containing
Reexamination Certificate
1999-07-28
2001-06-12
Sherrer, Curtis E. (Department: 1761)
Food or edible material: processes, compositions, and products
Products per se, or processes of preparing or treating...
Protein, amino acid, or yeast containing
C426S583000, C426S588000, C426S802000
Reexamination Certificate
active
06245379
ABSTRACT:
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
This invention relates to a method for providing nutrition to critical care animals, and more particularly, to a method of administering a milk substitute which substantially supplies the nutritional requirements of critical care animals such as cats and dogs.
The importance of administering proper nutrition to critical care animals such as cats and dogs is known. By “critical care”, it is meant the medical treatment and supportive care given to animals that have an immediate life threatening condition such as an injury, or have suffered from illness or major surgery. Critical care animals are usually under extreme stress and may be in shock due to extensive trauma, systemic disease, cancer, chemotherapy, malnutrition or ingestion of toxins. For example, trauma may be induced by being hit by an automobile, gunshot wounds, bite wounds, burns, extensive abrasions, infection of the skin, and the like. These conditions may have acute onset as in the case of gunshot wounds, but may also be brought on by more chronic conditions such as malnutrition, neglect, end stages of chronic disease such as parasitic disease, hepatic, respiratory, or cardiac disease. Diseases resulting in critical care situations may be the result of metabolic dysfunction or infections such as fungal, viral, bacterial or parasitic infections.
Because of the stress the animals are under, the animals tend to have higher energy requirements relative to healthy animals and are often susceptible to malnutrition. Accordingly, provision of proper energy and other nutrients is therefore very important in the management of the critical care animal. Enteral feeding is a preferred method of providing nutrition versus other methods such as parenteral nutrition.
Accordingly, there is a need in the art for providing nutrition to critical care animals which substantially supplies the nutritional needs of such animals.
SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION
The present invention meets that need by providing a canine milk substitute and a feline milk substitute for administration to critical care dogs and cats. The milk substitutes provide a fatty acid profile and an amino acid profile which is not found in currently available milk replacers. In addition, the milk substitutes provide highly digestible nutrient sources which may be easily administered. The milk substitutes are also provided in a palatable form that encourages voluntary intake.
In accordance with one aspect of the present invention, a method for providing nutrition to a critical care canine is provided comprising administering an amount of an artificially produced canine milk substitute composition which comprises, on a dry matter basis, from about 35 to 45% by weight protein, from about 25 to 35% by weight fat, and from about 10 to 25% by weight carbohydrates. In a preferred embodiment of the invention, the composition comprises about 38% protein, about 28% fat, and about 19% carbohydrates.
The protein source preferably comprises casein and whey in a weight ratio of about 70:30. The source of fat is preferably selected from the group consisting of corn oil, canola oil, butter oil, arachidonic acid, docosahexaenoic acid and blends thereof.
The canine milk substitute composition also preferably contains fatty acids comprising, as a percentage of total fatty acids on a dry matter basis, from about 15 to 19% palmitic acid, from about 5 to 9% stearic acid, from about 34 to 38% oleic acid, from about 17 to 21% linoleic acid, from about 1 to 4% &agr;-linolenic acid, from about 0.5 to 2% arachidonic acid, from about 0.2 to 1.0% docosahexaenoic acid (DHA), from about 2 to 5% Omega-3 fatty acids, from about 18 to 22% Omega-6 fatty acids, and from about 1 to 4% trans fatty acids. The composition preferably contains 27 to 37% by weight fatty acids on a dry matter basis.
The canine milk substitute composition also contains essential amino acids comprising, as a percentage of total essential amino acids on a dry matter basis, from about 6 to 10% arginine, 4 to 8% histidine, 8 to 12% isoleucine, 16 to 20% leucine, from about 13 to 17% lysine, from about 2 to 7% methionine, from about 6 to 10% phenylalanine, from about 8 to 12% threonine, from about 1 to 4% tryptophan, from about 9 to 13% valine, from about 2 to 5% cystine, and from about 2 to 6 % tyrosine. The composition preferably contains from about 15 to 25% by weight essential amino acids on a dry matter basis.
The canine milk substitute composition also preferably contains, on a dry matter basis, from about 4 to 8% by weight lactose and from about 0.50% by weight fructooligosaccharide. The composition may also include mixtures of vitamins and minerals.
According to another aspect of the invention, a method for providing nutrition to a critical care feline is provided comprising administering a feline milk substitute composition comprising, on a dry matter basis, from about 30 to 50% protein, from about 25 to 50% fat, and from about 10 to 25% carbohydrates.
Preferably, the feline milk substitute composition contains protein in amounts from about 35 to 45%. More preferably, the composition contains protein in an amount of about 40%. As the protein source, it is preferred to use a combination of casein and whey (the whey being in the form of a protein concentrate) in a substantially 1:1 weight ratio. All references to the presence of whey in the feline milk substitute composition of the present invention are to whey in the form of a protein concentrate having a low lactose content.
Preferably, the composition contains fat in amounts from about 30 to 40%. More preferably, the composition contains fat in an amount of about 35%.
Preferably, the composition contains carbohydrates in amounts from about 13 to 20%. More preferably, the composition contains carbohydrates in amounts from about 15 to 17%. As the source of carbohydrates in the composition, it is preferred to use a combination of lactose and maltodextrin.
The composition preferably further comprises arachidonic acid. Also, the composition preferably further comprises docosahexaenoic acid. In addition, the composition preferably further comprises butter oil, canola oil, and corn oil.
In accordance with yet another aspect of the present invention, a method of providing nutrition to a critical care feline is provided comprising administering an artificially produced feline milk substitute composition comprising protein, fat, and carbohydrates, and expressed as a percentage of total fatty acids on a dry matter basis, from about 17 to 20% linoleic acid, from about 0.5 to 1.0% arachidonic acid, and from about 0.2 to 0.4% docosahexaenoic acid.
Preferably, the linoleic acid in the composition is present in an amount of about 18%. Also, the composition preferably contains arachidonic acid in an amount of about 0.7%. In addition, the composition preferably contains docosahexaenoic acid in an amount of about 0.3%.
Preferably, the source of protein comprises casein and whey in a weight ratio of about 1:1 on a dry matter basis.
In accordance with another aspect of the present invention, a method for providing nutrition to a critical care feline is provided comprising administering an artificially produced feline milk substitute composition comprising protein, fat, and carbohydrates, and expressed as a percentage of total essential amino acids on a dry matter basis, from about 4.0 to 8.0% arginine, from about 1.0 to 3.0% tryptophan, and from about 2.0 to 5.0% valine.
Preferably, the arginine in the composition is present in an amount of about 6.5%. Also, the composition preferably contains tryptophan in an amount of about 1.7%. In addition, the composition preferably contains valine in an amount of about 3.7%.
Preferably, the source of protein in the composition comprises casein and whey in a weight ratio of about 1:1 on a dry matter basis.
Accordingly, it is a feature of the present invention to provide a method for providing nutrition to critical care canines or felines by administering a milk substitute which substantially supplies the nutrient requirements of the
DuBois Philip
Killworth, Gottman Hagan & Schaeff, L.L.P.
Sherrer Curtis E.
The Iams Company
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