Specialized metallurgical processes – compositions for use therei – Processes – Producing or treating free metal
Patent
1988-10-05
1990-04-03
Andrews, Melvyn J.
Specialized metallurgical processes, compositions for use therei
Processes
Producing or treating free metal
266176, 266201, C21B 1108, F27B 302
Patent
active
049137344
DESCRIPTION:
BRIEF SUMMARY
FIELD OF THE ART
The invention relates to ferrous metallurgy and, more particularly, to a method for preparing a ferrocarbon intermediate product for use in steel manufacture, and to a furnace for realization thereof.
Most successfully the present invention can be utilized in processing partly reduced or raw iron-ore materials for the preparation of an intermediate product used in steel manufacture.
The present invention can also be used to advantage for utilization of iron-bearing rejects of metallurgical industry such as dried sludges, dusts liberated in gas purification, scale, as well as small-lump ferrous metal scrap, particularly chips.
PRIOR ART
Nowadays the basic method for preparing a ferrocarbon intermediate product for use steel making is blast-furnace melting which yields cast iron from iron ore materials including those reduced in advance and makes it possible to rework partly iron-bearing rejects including sludge, scrap and chips. However, the blast-furnance melting calls for preliminary preparation of iron-ore raw materials by modulizing i.e. by sintering or making pellets; besides, the reducing fuel used in blast-furnace melting is a high-quality metallurgical coke which can be made from a limited number of expensive coking coals whose world deposits are dwindling down at a fast rate. Thus, the blast-furnace melting, apart from the blast-furnace practice proper, calls for having a by-product coke industry and a production of sinter or pellets.
Besides, effective blast-furnace melting requires raw materials with a high iron content, i.e. as a rule, previously enriched raw materials. Lean and hard-to-enrich ores are practically uneconomical.
Another prerequisite for efficient blast-furnace melting is a sufficiently large production volume. In small-scale production the blast-furnace melting proves inefficient.
A further disadvantage of blast-furnace melting lies in that the chemical composition of its product, i.e. cast iron can be changed within very narrow limits. This complicates the steel making technology.
In addition, blast-furnace melting allows but a small amount of rejects to be utilized in the charge. The use of rejects affects adversely the performance of the furnaces and the process indices. For example, the use of metallurgical sludges introduced into the charge for producing sinter, cuts down the output of the blast furnaces and steps up the consumption of coke because of the formation of zinc skull in the furnaces.
The above-stated disadvantages of the blast furnace process, of which the use of coke in the main one, gave an impetus to the creation of a new branch of metallurgy, so-called coke-free metallurgy. Up to the present time there appeared a number of new technological processes and production layouts which can be classified into the following main trends.
The first trend includes processes for the preparation of ferrocarbon intermediate product, these processes being dependent on the use of electric power and being carried out in electric furnaces. When the charge in these processes is contituted by iron ores or their concentrates, these processes are, as a rule, multistage. Electric melting is preceeded by heating and preliminary solid-phase reduction of the raw material. In most effective processes Elred and Inred belonging to this trend and developed of late in Sweden, the use of electric power is partly supplemented by the energy of coal burnt in oxygen. However, even in these processes the consumption of electric power remains high. Besides, they still utilize a certain amount of coke. The processes dependent on the use of electric energy can prove effective only on condition that the production of said electric power utilizes the process flue gases. However, even in this case high losses sustained in transmission of energy and multiple transformations will render said processes less effective than those in which the energy of fuel is utilized directly.
Another trend widely pursued of late includes methods of preparation of a ferrocarbon intermediate product th
REFERENCES:
patent: 2562813 (1951-07-01), Ogorzaly et al.
patent: 2612444 (1952-09-01), Rummel
patent: 4294433 (1981-10-01), Vanjukov et al.
patent: 4434003 (1984-02-01), Geskin
Bystrov Valentin P.
Chizhikova Valentina M.
Glovatsky Anatoly B.
Grebennikov Vasily R.
Guglya Vladimir G.
Andrews Melvyn J.
Moskovsky Institut Stali i Splavov
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