Chemistry: molecular biology and microbiology – Measuring or testing process involving enzymes or... – Involving antigen-antibody binding – specific binding protein...
Patent
1991-10-17
1994-03-01
Nucker, Christine M.
Chemistry: molecular biology and microbiology
Measuring or testing process involving enzymes or...
Involving antigen-antibody binding, specific binding protein...
435 704, 435947, 435249, 4352581, 424 88, C12N 110, C12N 128, C12P 2100, A61K 3900
Patent
active
052906884
DESCRIPTION:
BRIEF SUMMARY
The present invention was made at the Cell Biology Laboratory of POITIERS University, Unite de Recherche Associee au Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (National Centre for Scientific Research Associated Research Unit), no. 290, and at the Parasitology Laboratory of Rhone Merieux.
The present invention relates to a process for the intensive in vitro culture of Babesia divergens and for preparing exoantigens and parasite proteins, and to their use as a vaccine.
Babesioses, also known as piroplasmoses, are intraerythrocytic parasitoses which are common in domestic and wild animals (cattle, dogs, horses, rodents, in particular) and rarer in man (16 clinical cases in Europe and approximately 200 in the USA have been described since 1957). They are transmitted by haematophagous acarines (ticks) and, in relevant cases, by blood transfusion in man.
There is a large number of Babesia species.
Among the various animal babesioses, bovine babesiosis caused by B. bovis (=B. argentina), B. bigemina, B. major and B. divergens is the most important from an economic standpoint.
In Europe, bovine babesiosis due to B. divergens causes limited mortality as a result of effective chemotherapy (for example imidocarb). However, cases of chemoresistance are beginning to be observed, especially in France (National Veterinary School, Nantes). On the other hand, the morbidity of the infection is a source of substantial economic losses.
In the developing countries, bovine babesiosis represents a major obstacle to increasing the productivity of cattle rearing and one of the main causes of economic losses recorded in some regions of Africa.
There are several methods of controling Babesia: against bovine babesiosis due to B. bovis and to B. bigemina (Australia, Latin America, Israel, South Africa) and against canine babesiosis due to B. canis (France) are used on a large scale; there is still no vaccine on the market against B. divergens and B. major, the species responsible for bovine babesiosis in Europe; only Taylor has proposed a vaccine obtained from blood of parasitised cattle (GB-A-2,200,638). Among anti-Babesia vaccines described, there are two major types: live vaccines and inactivated vaccines (their advantages and drawbacks are summarised in Table 1).
The parasite exoantigens collected in culture supernatants have already been used for vaccination against bovine babesiosis due to B. bovis and is B. bigemina (EP-0,018,579 B1) and canine babesiosis due to B. canis (EP-0,220,988 A1).
TABLE 1 __________________________________________________________________________
Risk of
Risk of
Ease of
Potential
rekindling
erythrocyte
Efficacy
Repro-
commercial
risk of
the virulence
isoimmuni-
of the
Vaccine Type
ducibility
exploitation
infection
of the strain
sation
vaccine
__________________________________________________________________________
LIVE VACCINES:
a)
"Premunisation"
poor no yes yes low good
(infection followed
by chemotherapy)
b)
Irradiated parasites
poor no ? ? low good
c)
Attenuated parasites
variable
no yes yes low good
(rapid passages in
animals)
INACTIVATED VACCINES:
Prepared from infected
cattle:
a)
Particulate antigens
poor no no no high low
b)
Soluble antigens
poor no no no high low
extracted from para-
citised red cells
lysis supernatants
good yes no no low good
c)
soluble plasma
poor no no no low low
antigens
Prepared from in vitro
cultures:
Soluble exoantigens
good yes no no low good
isolated from culture
supernatants
__________________________________________________________________________
The present invention relates more especially to a process for preparing exoantigens and proteins enabling a vaccine to be obtained against bovine babesiosis due to B. divergens, and which may be extended to other Babesia species.
The process for the culture of Babesia is characterised in that the Babesia strain is maintained in culture on a culture medium free from serum protein but containing lipop
REFERENCES:
patent: 4055466 (1977-10-01), Torney et al.
patent: 4457915 (1984-07-01), Goodger et al.
patent: 4596707 (1986-06-01), Ristic et al.
patent: 4767622 (1988-08-01), Ristic et al.
patent: 4777036 (1988-10-01), Laurent
C. M. Winger et al., "A monoclonal antibody-derived antigen of Babesia divergens: characterization and investigation of its ability to protect gerbils against virulent homologous challenge", Parasitology, vol. 99, 1989, pp. 341-348.
C. M. Winger et al., "A monoclonal antibody to Babesia divergens which inhibits merozoite invasion", Parasitology, 94, 1987, pp. 17-27.
Bissuel Guy
Brasseur Philippe
Gorenflot Andre
L'Hostis Monique
Marchand Alain
Dubrule Chris
Nucker Christine M.
Rhone Merieux
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