Paper making and fiber liberation – Processes and products – Non-fiber additive
Patent
1995-11-06
1998-12-15
Alvo, Steven
Paper making and fiber liberation
Processes and products
Non-fiber additive
1621681, 162174, 162177, 162178, 162183, 162218, 2641761, 264204, D21H 1114, D21H 1720
Patent
active
058491554
DESCRIPTION:
BRIEF SUMMARY
The invention concerns dispersion of cellulose fibres by strong mechanical agitation after addition of hydrocolloid and at solid content up to 80%. This preparation results in a moulding composition, which is suitable for formation of cellulose containing fibre products.
By traditional production of paper and board, the raw material fibre is first dispersed in water in a mixer called pulper at very low solid content of only a few percent. The rest, normally more than 95%, is water.
Pulpers of special construction are described in the European patent applications 126.632 and 189.379. In these applications, pride is expressed of being able to work at solid contents a little above 20%.
In the paper industry it is generally accepted that the mentioned high amount of water is necessary for efficient treatment of the fibres to soften them, to make them expand, and thus to ease their dispersion with the aid of the pulper's propeller.
The low solid content, which is used for traditional pulping of fibres and also for the very formation of paper, have made the paper industry utilise giant units which have to produce day and night the year around in order to pay the very high capital costs. The vast amount of water, has to be removed from the fibres afterwards. This results in environmental problems because of the high water usage, and most of all because part of the fibres and part of the employed additives run into the effluent as pollutants.
This invention solved these problems with a new method to disperse cellulose based fibres in water, which method comprises dispersion at solid content up to 80% after addition of one or more hydrocolloids during strong mechanical action.
Even though the inventor does not like to be bound to any theory for the mechanism being behind the invention, it is assumed that the hydrocolloid has a double function during the dispersion. It results in a high viscosity mixture, which is able to convey the forces from the agitator out to the individual fibres to tear them apart, and secondly there is a chemical affinity between the hydroxyl groups on the fibres and on the hydrocolloid so that the colloid penetrates in between the fibres, coats them and prevents them from reassociation.
The dispersion is done in a particularly strong mixer, preferably in a kneading machine which can be heated.
The invention is particularly intended as a preparatory step to new forming methods for paper and board, which are based on plastic forming by extrusion, injection moulding, coating, pressing or rolling. To get a good moulding composition for such use perfect dispersion of the fibres is not enough. It is also necessary to use so much hydrocolloid that the water is completely bound; more explicit that free water cannot be seen on the surface of the moulding paste, just after it has been pressed out through the die of an extruder. If free (glossy) water can be seen on the surface of the string coming out of the die, it has been found in practice, that after only a short time the die is clogged by fibres, which have lost water and hydrocolloid. Complete water-binding is also an advantage for preparation of the moulding composition.
The moulding composition can be prepared at different temperatures. High temperature is particularly interesting, because it is then possible to disperse the fibres at still higher solid content than at ambient temperature. The upper limit for temperature is ca. 200.degree. C., as cellulose and hydrocolloid then start to discolour and decompose.
It has been shown that the moulding composition stands the high pressure which occurs during the kneading and in extruders by forming of the composition.
Manufacturing of cellulose containing fibre products, according to this invention, may be simplified if separation of the fibres of the raw material and forming of the fibre products is done as an unbroken process, f.inst. so that the mixture is first kneaded at high temperature in the first part of a cook extruder and after that, possibly after cooling, it is formed by passing the di
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pat
Alvo Steven
E. Khashoggi Industries, LLC
LandOfFree
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