Method for automatic alignment of tilt series in an electron...

Image analysis – Image transformation or preprocessing – Changing the image coordinates

Reexamination Certificate

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C382S209000, C382S151000

Reexamination Certificate

active

07463791

ABSTRACT:
It may be desirable to obtain three-dimensional information on a sample2to be studied in an electron microscope. Such information can be derived from a tilt series2-iof the sample and a subsequent reconstruction of the three-dimensional structure by means of a computer algorithm. For a proper reconstruction of the structure in the volume of the sample it is important that the measurement geometry be known; therefore it is important that the images be properly aligned. Therefore markers8-i(e.g. gold particles) are applied to the sample, which markers yield straight lines10-ias the sample is rotated and projections of that rotated sample are made onto one image plane. According to the invention the straight lines are recognized, which gives the possibility to identify the individual markers in the images of the tilt series, and to align those images on the basis of the information thus obtained.

REFERENCES:
patent: 2003/0100998 (2003-05-01), Brunner et al.
Brandt et al. (“Automatic Alignment of Electron Tomography Images Using Markers”, Intelligent Robots and Computer Vision XIX, SPIE Preceding Series, Nov. 2000).
Russ (The Image Processing Handbook, CRC press, 1994, pp. 495-500).
Ballard (“Generalizing The Hough Transform to Detect Arbitrary Shapes”, Pattern Recognition, vol. 13, No. 2, pp. 111-122, 1981).
Thomas Netsch and Heinz-Otto Peitgen, “Scale-Space Signatures for the Detection of Clustered Microcalcifications in Digital Mammograms” IEEE Transactions on Medical imaging, IEEE, Sep. 1999, vol. 18, No. 9, pp. 774-786.
G. A. Perkins et al., “Electron Tomography of Large, Multicomponent Biological Structures,” Journal of Structural Biology, Academic Press, 1997, vol. 120, p. 219-227.
Pawel Penczek, Michael Marko, Karolyn Buttle, and Joachim Frank, “Double-Tilt Electron Tomography,” Ultramicroscopy, Elsevier Science B.V., 1995, vol. 60, pp. 393-410.
Cameron H. Owen and William J. Landis, “Alignment of Electron Tomographic Series by Correlation Without the Use of Gold Particles,” Ultramicroscopy, Elsevier Science B.V., 1996, vol. 63, pp. 27-38.
Yu Liu, Pawel A. Penczek, Bruce F. McEwen and Joachim Frank, “A Marker-Free Alignment Method for Electron Tomography,” Ultramicroscopy, Elsevier Science B.V., 1995, vol. 58, pp. 393-402.

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