Radiant energy – Inspection of solids or liquids by charged particles
Patent
1992-10-08
1995-07-11
Dzierzynski, Paul M.
Radiant energy
Inspection of solids or liquids by charged particles
250307, 250251, 2504923, H01J 3700
Patent
active
054323452
ABSTRACT:
Electron or ion spectroscopy methods are commonly used for the surface analysis of insulating materials. During the illumination of the surface, electrons are emitted leaving behind a positively charged surface. The positively charged surface causes the energy of the emitted electrons to change and interferes with the analysis of their energy spectra. Conventionally, a source of neutralizing low energy electrons is directed to the illuminated region of the surface to neutralize the positive surface charge. The addition, to the non-illuminated region of the material, of a flux of positive particles or a means of emitting negative particles causes a discharge of the positive charge from the illuminated area of the material and establishes a dynamic equilibrium over the surface of the entire specimen. This permits the surface to be maintained at an arbitrarily uniform level controlled by the relative fluxes of the emitted electrons, the neutralizing electron flux, and the discharging means.
REFERENCES:
patent: 4052614 (1977-10-01), Fletcher et al.
patent: 4453086 (1984-06-01), Grobman
patent: 4939360 (1990-07-01), Sakai
Dzierzynski Paul M.
Nguyen Kiet T.
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