Electric lamp and discharge devices: systems – Cathode ray tube circuits – Combined cathode ray tube and circuit element structure
Patent
1981-06-01
1984-01-31
Chatmon, Jr., Saxfield
Electric lamp and discharge devices: systems
Cathode ray tube circuits
Combined cathode ray tube and circuit element structure
313 46, 315 523, 333234, H01J 2510
Patent
active
044292554
DESCRIPTION:
BRIEF SUMMARY
TECHNICAL FIELD
The invention relates to microwave devices, and more particularly to the construction of klystrons.
BACKGROUND ART
In order to improve the stability of klystron output characteristics, it is necessary to resist deformations that may affect klystron cavities due to temperature effects.
The background art deals with many constructional implementations of klystron resonant cavities.
Known in the art is a klystron utilizing its cavity assemblies made of oxygen-free copper. Each cavity comprises a body and face walls accommodating drift tubes. In the case of an average-power klystron, heat is applied to the cavities due to the following effects: microwave power loss that occurs in the cavity walls; and partial interception of the electron beam by the drift tubes (cf. U.S. Pat. No. 1,491,421, cl.21g, 13/17, 1963).
Heating the cavities may lead to burning of the ends of the drift tubes, to deformations of the walls, and to a change in the resonant frequencies of the cavities.
To resist the heating, use is made of forced cooling, liquid or air.
There is another kylstron comprising cavities with face walls, which accommodate drift tubes (cf. the USSR Inventor's Certificate No. 266,791, cl. HOlJ 23/20, 1972). In this klystron, higher stability of the output characteristics is attained in the following manner. The portions of the drift tubes in the cavities are provided with an annular slot which is positioned concentrically with the klystron axis, beginning at the end of the drift tube and terminating in the cooled elements of the cavities.
The outer portion of the drift tube is made of a material having a low linear expansion coefficient, for example, molybdenum.
Though the drift tubes are bimetallic, the face walls are yet of considerable thickness. The difference between the linear expansion coefficients of the dissimilar metals causes an extra mechanical stress in the cavity walls. The annular slot causes an increase in the area of the capacitive gap of the cavity, which results in a decrease of its wave resistance, thereby impairing the output characteristics of the klystron. With a klystron having a high power output, there may result a parasitic oscillation since the annular slot approaches a resonance condition in this case.
DISCLOSURE OF THE INVENTION
The invention therefore seeks to attain a klystron of such a construction which provides for more robust cavities with stable operating characteristics, the constructional features of the cavities are so selected that an optimum structure of the magnetic field of the focusing system of the klystron is obtained.
There is provided a klystron comprising cavities with face walls in which drift tubes are accommodated in a coaxial relation to the cavity body, there are, according to the invention, annular slots in the face walls of the cavities and in the drift tubes, said annular slots accommodating plates rigidly attached thereto, the height of the plates being less than half the height of the cavity body, the length of the plates being the half-difference between the inner diameter of the cavity body and the inner diameter of the drift tube, and the length of the inner circumference of the cavity body being more than ten times the total thickness of the plates.
The plates provide for higher stiffness of the face walls and drift tubes of the cavities, with the result that their deformations due to temperature effect decrease and the output characteristics of the klystron are improved.
Preferably, the plates should be made of a nonmagnetic material, thereby eliminating a distortion of the magnetic field of the focusing system of the klystron.
BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS
FIG. 1 is a general view of a klystron, according to the invention;
FIG. 2 shows a construction of a cavity of the klystron, according to the invention; and
FIG. 3 is a sectional view along the line III--III of FIG. 2.
PREFERRED MODE OF THE INVENTION
Referring to FIG. 1, the klystron comprises, according to the invention, an electron gun 1 mounted in front of a foc
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patent: 2880357 (1959-03-01), Snow et al.
patent: 2892121 (1959-06-01), Salisbury
patent: 3222565 (1965-12-01), Oaks
patent: 3573680 (1971-04-01), Carignan
patent: 3678327 (1972-07-01), Schmidt
Mironenko Ljudmila A.
Nazarov Sergei N.
Pasmannik Vitaly I.
Chatmon, Jr. Saxfield
Greenspan Myron
Lilling Bruce E.
Lilling Burton L.
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