Heat exchange – With first fluid holder or collector open to second fluid – Trickler
Patent
1988-11-02
1991-04-02
Schwadron, Martin P.
Heat exchange
With first fluid holder or collector open to second fluid
Trickler
159 132, 159 431, 165115, 261153, F28D 304, F28D 302
Patent
active
050040430
DESCRIPTION:
BRIEF SUMMARY
The invention relates to an apparatus for the evaporation of liquids and for the absorption or degassing of solutions of two or more substances, having a completely enclosed, upright pressure tank provided with at least one inlet and one outlet for a thermal-transfer fluid, whose interior contains a plurality of parallel vertical tubes spaced apart from one another, whose ends are sealingly brought through a horizontal plate closing the bottom end of the pressure tank and one closing the top of same, such that they open into a bell disposed hermetically on the pressure tank at the bottom and at the top, the upper ends of the tubes projecting into the bell by the same amount above the upper side of the horizontal top plate and in the upper bell an inlet is provided for liquid or solution and a connection is provided for the entry and removal of evaporated liquid or gaseous solution component, and in the bottom bell an outlet is provided for liquid or liquid solution, and at a distance above the upper ends of the tubes and below the inlet for the liquid or solution a dividing plate parallel to the upper horizontal plate of the pressure tank is inserted into the upper bell chamber, through which passes a plurality of holes of small diameter offset from the mouths of the tubes.
Known apparatus of this kind, disclosed in DE-AS 1,121,588, serve for example for the concentration by evaporation of liquids, such as milk or fruit juices, which are to be concentrated by evaporating a portion of their moisture content. In such apparatus a uniform distribution to the descending tubes of the liquid that is to be concentrated is important to the achievement of optimum concentration. Falling-stream evaporators of similar construction designed for the concentration of sugar-beet juice are also known in the sugar industry through German Federal Gebrauchsmuster 19 92 031.
When such apparatus are used as evaporators or as resorbers or degassers in compression heat-pump systems, the liquid or solution entering the upper chamber collects on the upper horizontal plate of the pressure tank where it forms an overflowing pool of a depth corresponding to the height of the tubes running through the pressure tank above the upper horizontal plate. From there the liquid or solution passes into the mouths of these tubes and then falls by gravity in a thin film on the tubes' inner surfaces into the bottom chamber. Depending on the temperature of the fluid flowing through the pressure tank, heat is transferred through the wall of the vertical tubes to the liquid film or is removed therefrom and thus either evaporates liquid from the film or degasses the solution, or, due to the cooling, simultaneously absorbs gaseous solution components flowing through the tubes. On the basis of the above-described special configuration and operation, these apparatus are also referred to as "internal tube falling film apparatus." In the apparatus used in connection with compression heat pump systems, the liquid or solution passes from the chamber inlet directly into the overflow pool. On account of the flow thus developing in the overflow pool an irregular overflow into the tube mouths occurs, which results in different film thicknesses in the individual tubes and thus irregular evaporation or degassing or absorption in the individual tubes and thus a lower efficiency. Furthermore, in evaporators or degassers in which the evaporated liquid or the gaseous component driven out of the solution is sucked upward against the flow of the film, the danger also exists that liquid or liquid solution in the form of droplets or fog will be carried into the compressor unless a liquid trap precedes the compressor.
It is therefore the purpose of the invention to improve the known apparatus in regard to the entry of the liquid or solution into the overflow pool such that the overflow from the pool into the tubes passing through the pressure tank will take place in an absolutely uniform manner, so that a film flowing on the inner walls of the tubes will be obtained which w
REFERENCES:
patent: 3132064 (1964-05-01), Scheffer
patent: 4567942 (1986-02-01), Stafford et al.
Engelmann Jurgen
Mucic Vinko
Thieme Kurt
Flanigan Allen J.
Schwadron Martin P.
TCH Thermo-Consulting-Heidelberg GmbH
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