Synthetic resins or natural rubbers -- part of the class 520 ser – Synthetic resins – From phenol – phenol ether – or inorganic phenolate
Patent
1990-06-04
1992-09-15
Anderson, Harold D.
Synthetic resins or natural rubbers -- part of the class 520 ser
Synthetic resins
From phenol, phenol ether, or inorganic phenolate
528176, 528194, C08G 6302, C08G 6300
Patent
active
051479672
DESCRIPTION:
BRIEF SUMMARY
FIELD OF THE INVENTION
This invention pertains to novel copolyesters consisting essentially of units (I), (II), (III), and (IV). ##STR2## and blends of these polymers and articles made from both. Units (I), (II), (III), and (IV) are present in specified proportions as defined in the "Description of the Invention."
The instant copolyesters display orientation in the molten state, good fiber ratings and high strength. Advantageously, the polymers of the present invention display a significant improvement in viscosity and moldability of the neat polymer. The polymers have excellent mechanical and surface properties including blister resistance, strength, toughness, and ability to vapor phase solder, and form strong fibers while still maintaining a high heat distortion temperature. They have melting points in the range of from about 250.degree. to about 360.degree. C. and are melt-processible. Advantageously, these compositions filled with about 30 weight percent of glass fibers display heat distortion temperatures of up to 240.degree. C., when measured under a load of 264 psi. The polymers may be blended to tailor properties. These polymers and blends may be used advantageously in producing fibers and in electrical equipment, electronic components and other end uses requiring moderately high temperatures.
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
Wholly aromatic polyester resins have long been known. For instance, 4-hydroxybenzoic acid homopolymer and copolymers have been described in the past and are commercially available. Such polymers commonly are crystalline in nature and, when molten, frequently exhibit orientation in the melt; however, they have relatively high melting points or possess a decomposition temperature which is below the melting point, which leads to great difficulty in processing.
The homopolymer of p-hydroxybenzoic acid is a very high melting, insoluble material and, hence, very difficult to fabricate. Melting points as high as 610.degree. C. were quoted--see W. J. Jackson, The British Polymer Journal, December 1980, p. 155. In order to depress the high melting point of the homopolymer so as to make it melt fabricable, a variety of materials incorporating different types of comonomers were prepared over the years.
One such material is, for example, the resin made from p-hydroxybenzoic acid, isophthalic and/or terephthalic acids and 4,4'-biphenol as described in Cottis et al., U.S. Pat. Nos. 3,637,595 and 3,975,487. The polymer has outstanding high temperature properties and can be molded to give articles of high modulus and strength. It is offered commercially by Amoco Performance Products, Inc. under the trademark of Xydar.RTM..
The main drawback of the prior art p-hydroxybenzoic acid copolymers is the relatively high cost associated with the use of an expensive comonomer, such as 4,4'-biphenol, substituted hydroquinones (e.g., phenylhydroquinone), naphthalene diols, naphthalene dicarboxylic acids, and hydroxy-naphthoic acids. Efforts to replace these expensive monomers with the significantly less expensive hydroquinone, which is disclosed as an equivalent of biphenol in the aforementioned U.S. Pat. Nos. 3,637,595 and 3,975,487, were made by several research groups; however, none of these investigations were successful.
Study of the prior art shows that replacement of 4,4'-biphenol with hydroquinone leads to materials with inferior properties. The problem created by the introduction of hydroquinone is basically the following: at high terephthalate contents, high melting generally intractable polymers are obtained; tractability may be achieved at higher isophthalate levels, but the polyesters are relatively low melting and often display low second order glass transition temperatures which lead to low moduli and low heat distortion temperatures. For example, polyesters from p-hydroxybenzoic acid (PHBA) isophthalic acid (IA) and hydroquinone (HQ) were prepared by Deex, U.S. Pat. No. 4,377,681. At mole ratios PHBA/IA/HQ of 33.3/33.3/33.3 the material had a glass transition temperature of 110.degree. C
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Cleary James W.
Frayer Paul D.
Huspeni Paul J.
Layton Richard
Matzner Markus
Amoco Corporation
Anderson Harold D.
Hooper Matthew R.
Magidson William H.
Mosley T.
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