Synthetic resins or natural rubbers -- part of the class 520 ser – Synthetic resins – At least one aryl ring which is part of a fused or bridged...
Reexamination Certificate
2008-01-29
2008-01-29
Mulcahy, Peter D. (Department: 1796)
Synthetic resins or natural rubbers -- part of the class 520 ser
Synthetic resins
At least one aryl ring which is part of a fused or bridged...
C524S001000, C524S544000, C524S545000, C528S480000, C528S481000, C528S50200C
Reexamination Certificate
active
11001705
ABSTRACT:
A process for purifying a P(VDF-TrFE) copolymer to produce an improved high performance copolymer for pyroelectric conversion. Pellets of a P(VDF-TrFE) copolymer are dissolved in a solvent to form a solution. Subsequently, anhydrous ethanol is added to the solution to initiate copolymer gel precipitation, after which the solution is separated to obtain the gel precipitate, which is subsequently washed and dried. The resulting copolymer has fewer impurities and higher resistivity, thereby being suitable for use in applications such as pyroelectric converters. The purified copolymer also exhibits phase transition characteristics that allow for increased power output.
REFERENCES:
patent: 2866721 (1958-12-01), Hetherington et al.
patent: 3193539 (1965-07-01), Hauptschein
patent: 3441531 (1969-04-01), Koblitz
patent: 3833503 (1974-09-01), Murayama et al.
patent: 4173033 (1979-10-01), Sako et al.
patent: 4268653 (1981-05-01), Uchidoi et al.
patent: 4620262 (1986-10-01), Olsen
patent: 4845193 (1989-07-01), Umemura et al.
patent: 4946913 (1990-08-01), Kappler
patent: 5140082 (1992-08-01), Watanabe et al.
patent: 5153859 (1992-10-01), Chatigny et al.
patent: 6528898 (2003-03-01), Ikura et al.
patent: 6605246 (2003-08-01), Zhang et al.
patent: 6713563 (2004-03-01), Roland et al.
patent: 6790932 (2004-09-01), Kapeliouchko et al.
patent: 7015368 (2006-03-01), Wu et al.
patent: 1568719 (2005-08-01), None
patent: 2184737 (1987-07-01), None
Olsen, R.B. et al., “Pyroelectric Conversion Cycle of Vinylidene Fluoride-Trifluoroethylene Coploymer,” Journal of Applied Physics, vol. 57 (No. 11), (1985).
Chan, H.L.W. et al., “Thermal Hysteresis in the Resistivity of P(VDF-TrFE) Copolymers,” Ferroelectrics, p. 141-146, (1997).
Ikura, M., Jian-Lin, “Conversion of Waste Heat to Electricity Using a High Performance Pyroelectric Converter,” Energy and Environment—A World of Challenges and Opportunities, Proc. EnerEnv 2003 Conference (China), (Oct. 14, 2003).
El-Hami, Khalil and Matsushige, Kazumi, “Reduction and Separation of Carbon Nanotube Bundles Using the P0VDF-TrFE) Copolymer: Nanobundles,” Journal of Composite Materials. vol. 38 (No. 16). (Aug. 2004).
Kim, Kap Jin and Kim, Bum Gwan, “Curie Transition, Ferroelectric Crystal Structure and Ferroelectricity of a VDF/TrFE (75/25) Copolymer: the Effect of Poling on Curie Transition and Ferroelectric Crystal Structure,” Polymer, p. 4881-4889, (1997).
Bongianni, W.L., “Effect of Crystallization and Annealing on Thin Films of Vilylidene Fluoride/Trifluoroethylene (VF2/F3E) Copolymers,” Ferroelectrics, p. 57-62, (1990).
Moriera, Roberto Luiz et al., “Thermal and Dielectric Investigations of the Curie Transition in Poly (Vinylidene Fluoride Trifluoroethylene Copolymers,” Phase Transitions, p. 243-249, (1989).
Gregorio, Rinaldo Jr. and Botta, Marcelo Marino, “Effect of Crystallization Temperature on The Phase Transition of P(VDF/TrFE) Copolymers,” Journal of Polymer Science Part B: Polymer Physics, p. 403-414, (1998).
Olsen, et al, Pyroelectric Conversion Cycle of Vinylidene Fluoride-Trifluoroethylene Copolymer, J. App. Phys., Jun. 1, 1985, pp. 5036-5042, vol. 57, issue 11, Am. Inst. of Phys.
El-Hami, et al, Nanoscopic Measurements of the Electrostriction Responses in P (VDF/TrFE) . . . , Appl. Phys. A, 2001, pp. 347-350, vol. 72, No. 3, Digital Object Identifier.
El-Hami and K. Matsushige, Lamellae Orientation Effect on Local Polarized Domain . . . , J. App. Polymer Science, 2005, pp. 1410-1413, vol. 96, No. 4, Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
El-Hami and K. Matsushige, Covering Single Walled Carbon nanotubes by the Poly . . . , Chem. Physics Letters, 2003, pp. 168-171, vol. 368, Elsevier Science B.V.
Ikura Michio
Kouchachvili Lia
Hu Henry S.
Jones Tullar & Cooper P.C.
Mulcahy Peter D.
Natural Resources - Canada
LandOfFree
High performance P(VDF-TrFE) copolymer for pyroelectric... does not yet have a rating. At this time, there are no reviews or comments for this patent.
If you have personal experience with High performance P(VDF-TrFE) copolymer for pyroelectric..., we encourage you to share that experience with our LandOfFree.com community. Your opinion is very important and High performance P(VDF-TrFE) copolymer for pyroelectric... will most certainly appreciate the feedback.
Profile ID: LFUS-PAI-O-3934975