Hair colorant preparation

Details Hair colorant preparation Hair colorant preparation

2000-08-10

2003-12-09

Einsmann, Margaret (Department: 1751)

Bleaching and dyeing; fluid treatment and chemical modification

Dyeing involving animal-derived natural fiber material ,...

Hair dyeing

C008S406000, C008S407000, C008S409000, C008S410000, C008S421000, C008S512000, C008S528000

Reexamination Certificate

active

06660045

ABSTRACT:

The invention relates to hair colorant preparations consisting of a flowable aqueous preparation of oxidation dye intermediates (A) and a flowable, aqueous oxidizing agent preparation (B), which are mixed directly prior to application to the hair to give a gel-like coloring mixture and which, following the mixing, are in the form of a pseudoplastic, flowable gel.
The carriers used for oxidation hair colorants are predominantly O/W creams or gels. The preparations of oxidation dye intermediates should, following the addition of the oxidizing agent, in most cases an aqueous hydrogen peroxide preparation, have a creamy or viscous gel-like consistency which permits easy application to and distribution on the hair, e.g. using a brush, and a certain adhesion to the hair, without the colorant running off the hair and wetting the scalp or face.
Oxidation dye preparations of the gel type usually have, as carriers, soaps in a mixture with water and lower alcohols or glycols. After mixing with aqueous oxidizing agent solutions, such preparations give viscous, gel-like coloring mixtures. A disadvantage is the formation of lime soaps when the colorant is rinsed out using hard water. A further disadvantage is that if the soap content is high the dye preparation becomes too viscous, but if the soap content is lower, the coloring mixture does not achieve the required viscosity. Also, the co-use of a synthetic surfactant which has a lime soap dispersing effect disturbs the formation of the flowable gel structure of the coloring mixture.
DE 40 22 848 A1 discloses a hair colorant preparation which aims to avoid the abovementioned disadvantages. The carrier system disclosed therein comprises soap, polyols, synthetic surfactants, and addition products of ethylene oxide with linear fatty alcohols and/or linear fatty alkylamines. However, upon application, this carrier system also exhibits disadvantages with regard to the conditioning action, and the viscosities are also relatively high.
The object of the present invention was, therefore, to find a carrier system suitable for the oxidizing colorants which, as well as having good conditioning properties, either does not have the abovementioned problems or exhibits them only to a significantly reduced extent.
It has been found that hair colorants consisting of a flowable, aqueous preparation of oxidation dye intermediates (A) and a flowable, aqueous oxidizing agent preparation (B), which are mixed together directly prior to application to the hair in the weight ratio A:B=1:2 to 2:1 to give a gel-like coloring mixture, have particularly good application properties when the preparation of oxidation dye intermediates (A) comprises, as carrier components,
6.0 to 15% by wt.
of a saturated or unsaturated,
linear or branched alcohol
having 8 to 36 carbon atoms,
0.1 to 20% by wt.
of a low molecular weight
water-soluble alcohol,
0.1 to 15% by wt.
of a liquid fatty acid having
16 to 22 carbon atoms in the
form of a water-soluble soap,
0.1 to 20% by wt.
of an addition product of from
1 to 5 mol of ethylene oxide
with a linear fatty alcohol
having 8 to 22 carbon atoms
and/or
0.1 to 15% by wt.
of an amine according to the
formula (I),


in which R
1
is a saturated or
unsaturated alkyl radical
having 8 to 22 carbon atoms,
R
2
and R
3
independently of one
another are hydrogen or an
acyl group R
4
CO, in which, in
turn, R
4
is a C
1
-C
21
-alkyl or
C
2
-C
21
-alkenyl group. n is 2 or
3, x and y independently of
one another are a number from
0 to 5, with the proviso that
the sum x + y = 2 to 6.
In a preferred embodiment it is also possible for
0.1 to 20% by wt.
of a polyol having 2 to 6 carbon
atoms and/or
0.5 to 10% by wt.
of a water-soluble, synthetic
surfactant and/or
0.1 to 10% by wt.
of a compound of the formula (II)
R
5
—(OC
2
H
4
)
x
—A—(C
2
H
4
O)
y
—R
6
(II)
in which R
5
and R
6
are linear alkyl
or alkenyl groups having 12 to 22
carbon atoms, x and y = 0 or 1,
and A is an oxygen atom or an

group
to be present.
The saturated or unsaturated, linear or branched alcohols having 8 to 36 carbon atoms to be used according to the invention are preferably fatty alcohols and/or Guerbet alcohols.
The term fatty alcohols means primary aliphatic alcohols of the formula (III)
R
7
OH  (III)
in which R
7
is an aliphatic, linear or branched hydrocarbon radical having 8 to 22 carbon atoms, which is saturated or can contain up to 3 double bonds.
Typical examples are 2-ethylhexyl alcohol, capric alcohol, lauryl alcohol, isotridecyl alcohol, myristyl alcohol, cetyl alcohol, palmoleyl alcohol, stearyl alcohol, isostearyl alcohol, oleyl alcohol, elaidyl alcohol, petroselinyl alcohol, linoleyl alcohol, linolenyl alcohol, elaeostearyl alcohol, arachidyl alcohol, gadoleyl alcohol, behenyl alcohol, erucyl alcohol and brassidyl alcohol, and the technical-grade mixtures thereof which are produced, for example, during the high-pressure hydrogenation of technical-grade methyl esters based on fats and oils or aldehydes from the Roelen oxo synthesis, and as monomer fraction during the dimerization of unsaturated fatty alcohols.
Preference is given to technical-grade fatty alcohol mixtures having 12 to 18 carbon atoms, such as, for example, coconut, palm, palm kernel or tallow fatty alcohol, in particular coconut and/or tallow fatty alcohol.
The term Guerbet alcohols means alcohols prepared by alkaline condensation of alcohols to give higher molecular weight, branched isoalcohols. This reaction was first published by Guerbet in 1899. In 1952, Machemer described essential steps of the reaction (Angewandte Chemie 64 (1952) 213 20): As well as the dehydrogenation to give the ketone, in which hydrogen is cleaved off, and the aldol condensation, an important step in the course of the reaction is the crotonization, in which water is cleaved off. The reaction of the prior art is carried out at atmospheric pressure and a reaction temperature of from 240 to 260° C. The resulting branched alcohols are referred to as Guerbet alcohols. Since then, the prior art has disclosed a large number of other processes, according to which Guerbet alcohols can be obtained.
For the purposes of the present invention, the term lower molecular weight alcohols means water-miscible alcohols having 1 to 5 carbon atoms. These are preferably ethanol, propanol and/or isopropanol.
The fatty acids suitable for the formation of soap are preferably liquid or low-melting unsaturated linear C
16
-C
22
-fatty acids, such as palmitoleic acid, oleic acid, elaidic acid, petroselic acid, petroselaidic acid, gadoleic acid, erucic acid, brassidic acid, and mixtures of these fatty acids with one another and optionally with minor proportions of saturated linear fatty acids having 12 to 22 carbon atoms. Other fatty acids likewise suitable are branched fatty acids having 16 to 22 carbon atoms, e.g. 2-hexyldecanoic acid, isostearic acid and 2-octyldodecanoic acid.
To convert the fatty acids into water-soluble soaps, alkali metal hydroxides and alkali metal carbonates, ammonia, mono-, di- and trialkanolamines having 2 to 4 carbon atoms in the alkanol group, and alkaline amino acids, such as, for example, arginine, ornithine, lysine and/or histidine, are suitable.
Suitable as polyols having 2 to 6 carbon atoms are, for example, ethylene glycol, 1,2-propylene glycol, 1,3-propylene glycol, glycerol, erythritol, trimethylolpropane, diethylene glycol and dipropylene glycol. 1,2-propylene glycol is preferred.
Suitable water-soluble synthetic surfactants are preferably anionic, amphoteric, zwitterionic and nonionic surfactants with good solubility in water and a good lime-soap dispersibility. Such surfactants generally have a lipophilic linear alkyl or acyl group having 12 to 18 carbon atoms and a strongly dissociated ionic group or a nonionic polyether group which confers solubility in water. Suitable examples are sulfuric half-ester salts of linear fatty alcohols having 12 to 18 carbon atoms or of fatty alcohol polyglycol ethers having 12 to 16 carbon atoms in the alkyl group and 1 to 10 glycol ether

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