Cleaning compositions for solid surfaces – auxiliary compositions – Cleaning compositions or processes of preparing – For cleaning a specific substrate or removing a specific...
Patent
1996-07-24
1998-07-21
Shah, Mukund J.
Cleaning compositions for solid surfaces, auxiliary compositions
Cleaning compositions or processes of preparing
For cleaning a specific substrate or removing a specific...
510226, 510320, 510335, 510374, 510392, 510451, C11D 300, C11D 718, C11D 754
Patent
active
057835454
DESCRIPTION:
BRIEF SUMMARY
This application is a 371 of PCT/EP94/04152, filed Dec. 14, 1994, which is a PCT application claiming priority of German P 43 44 215.3, filed Dec. 23, 1993.
FIELD OF THE INVENTION
This invention relates to enzyme granules containing a silver corrosion inhibitor, to a process for their production and to the use of the granules in solid cleaning formulations, more especially for machine dishwashing.
RELATED ART
Enzymes, more especially proteases, are widely used in detergents, washing aids and cleaning compositions. Normally, the enzymes are not used as concentrates, but rather in the form of mixtures with a diluent and carrier material. If corresponding enzyme preparations are mixed with typical detergents or cleaning compositions, a considerable reduction in enzyme activity can occur in storage, especially if bleaching-active compounds are present. Application of the enzymes to carrier salts and granulation in accordance with DE-OS 16 17 190 or by "bonding" with nonionic surfactants in accordance with DE-OS 16 17 118 or with aqueous solutions of cellulose ethers in accordance with DE-OS 17 87 568 does not lead to a significant improvement in storage stability because the sensitive enzymes in such mixtures are generally present on the surface of the carrier substance. Although the stability of the enzymes in storage can be significantly increased by coating the enzymes with or encapsulating them in the carrier material and then converting them into the required particle form by extrusion, pressing and marumerizing, as described, for example in DE-PS 16 17 232, in DE-OS 20 32 768 and in DE-ASS 21 37 042 and 21 37 043, the resulting enzyme preparations show inadequate solubility properties. The undissolved particles can become trapped in, and soil, the articles to be cleaned or pass unused into the wastewater. Although the encapsulating compositions known from DE-OS 18 03 099, which consist of a mixture of solid acids or acidic salts and carbonates or bicarbonates and which disintegrate on addition of water, improve solubility, they are in turn extremely sensitive to moisture and, accordingly, necessitate additional protective measures.
EP 168 526 describes enzyme granules which contain water-swellable starch, zeolite and a water-soluble granulation aid. This document proposes a production process for such formulations which essentially comprises concentrating a fermenter solution freed from insoluble constituents, adding the additives mentioned, granulating the resulting mixture and optionally coating the granules with film-forming polymers and dyes. The process with the additive mixture proposed therein is advantageously carried out with fermentation solutions which have been concentrated to a relatively high dry matter content, for example 55% by weight. In addition, the granules thus produced have such a high dissolving or disintegration rate under in-use conditions that some of them even disintegrate relatively rapidly in storage, so that the enzymes are deactivated.
International patent application WO 92/11347 describes enzyme granules for use in granular detergents and cleaning compositions containing 2% by weight to 20% by weight of enzyme, 10% by weight to 50% by weight of swellable starch, 5% by weight to 50% by weight of water-soluble organic polymer as granulation aid, 10% by weight to 35% by weight of cereal flour and 3% by weight to 12% by weight of water. By virtue of this mixture of additives, the enzyme can be processed without any significant loss of activity, in addition to which the stability of the enzymes in storage in the granules is satisfactory.
Another problem, especially for machine dishwashing detergents, is the need to incorporate corrosion inhibitors for table silver in cases where the detergents contain the oxygen-based bleaching or oxidizing agents which have recently been introduced as standard ingredients. Silver can react on cleaning with sulfur-containing substances dissolved or dispersed in the rinsing water because food residues, including inter alia mustard, peas,
REFERENCES:
patent: 3549539 (1970-12-01), Mallows
patent: 3623956 (1971-11-01), Kalabokias
patent: 3784476 (1974-01-01), van Kampen et al.
patent: 4009076 (1977-02-01), Green et al.
patent: 4264738 (1981-04-01), Stepanov et al.
patent: 4751003 (1988-06-01), Raehse et al.
Burg Birgit
Haerer Juergen
Paatz Kathleen
Pichler Werner
Raehse Wilfried
Coleman Brenda
Henkel Kommanditgesellschaft auf Aktien
Jaeschke Wayne C.
Ortiz Daniel S.
Shah Mukund J.
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