Stock material or miscellaneous articles – Liquid crystal optical display having layer of specified... – With charge transferring layer of specified composition
Patent
1995-07-27
1997-07-08
Thomas, Alexander
Stock material or miscellaneous articles
Liquid crystal optical display having layer of specified...
With charge transferring layer of specified composition
428447, 428451, 349158, G02F 11333
Patent
active
056459017
DESCRIPTION:
BRIEF SUMMARY
TECHNICAL FIELD
The present invention relates to an electrode substrate for a liquid crystal display device and to a liquid crystal display device.
BACKGROUND ART
The use of transparent plastic materials as substrates for liquid crystal display devices instead of glass substrates is being studied. For example, the liquid crystal display device indicated in Japanese Unexamined Patent Publication No. 59-204545 has an electrode substrate comprising a 0.1-0.4 mm-thick thermoplastic resin [for example, PES (polyethersulfone), PMMA (polyethyl methacrylate), PC (polycarbonate) or PET (polyethylene terephthalate)]substrate, a 15 nm-thick SiO.sub.x undercoat film, a 20 nm-thick ITO transparent conductive film and an orientated directional film.
When the above-mentioned electrode substrate is introduced into the production process for an already existing liquid crystal display device in the same manner as a conventional glass substrate, the following problems occur.
1. In the alkali treatment and heat treatment processes following photoetching, cracks result in the SiO.sub.x undercoat film and ITO film, making further working impossible. Even if it is possible to fabricate a display device without such cracks, in reliability testing (high-temperature high-humidity preservation test, cooling/heating thermal shock test, etc.) cracks in the ITO film make, the ITO electrode broken, and cracks in the SiO.sub.x film generate air bubbles in the liquid crystal layer of the display section.
2. Since a thermoplastic resin is used, the rigidity (or "hardness") is insufficient even with a substrate with a thickness of 0.4 mm, and thus single-substrate-processing is difficult to perform in the same manner as for glass substrates. Furthermore, since the softening point of the substrate is about 100.degree. C., deformation occurs during the heating and pasting processes, and it becomes impossible to obtain uniform cell gaps, thus resulting in display irregularities.
3. In cases where the gas barrier properties of the SiO.sub.x undercoat are unsatisfactory, gases such as O.sub.2 and H.sub.2 O permeate the liquid crystal layer, resulting in the creation of air bubbles.
DISCLOSURE OF THE INVENTION
It is an object of the present invention to provide a liquid crystal display device electrode substrate with excellent heat resistance, abrasion resistance, flatness and gas barrier properties, as well as a liquid crystal display device employing it.
The electrode substrate for liquid crystal display devices according to the present invention comprises the following layers A, B, C and E, laminated in that order.
Layer A: A resin substrate comprising a transparent resin of a copolymer containing not less than 20% by weight of maleimide type monomer units, having a crosslinked structure and having a glass transition temperature of not lower than 160.degree. C. and not higher than 200.degree. C., and with a thickness of 0.1 to 0.8 mm.
Layer B: A cured coating comprising a polyvinyl alcohol crosslinked with an epoxysilane represented by the general formula (1) and/or a hydrolysate thereof: glycidyl group and X is a hydrolyzable group. not larger than 500 nm, formed at a substrate temperature of not higher than 100.degree. C., and having a thickness of 15 to 500 nm.
This electrode substrate may also have the following layer D between the aforementioned layers C and E. formed at a substrate temperature of not higher than 100.degree. C. and having a thickness of 10 to 200 nm.
The liquid crystal display device according to the present invention is provided with a pair of such electrode substrates which are oriented and with a liquid crystal layer created by injecting liquid crystals between the electrode substrates.
BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS
FIG. 1 is a vertical cross-sectional illustration showing an embodiment of a liquid crystal display device according to the present invention.
FIG. 2 is a vertical cross-sectional illustration showing another embodiment of a liquid crystal display device according to the present invention.
FIG
Fukuchi Shunsei
Iwamoto Makoto
Kitabatake Akihiro
Maekawa Masaki
Shimoyama Naoki
Miller Austin R.
Sanyo Vacuum Industries Co. Ltd.
Sharp Kabushiki Kaisha
Thomas Alexander
Toray Industries Inc.
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