Chemistry: electrical current producing apparatus – product – and – Current producing cell – elements – subcombinations and... – Include electrolyte chemically specified and method
Patent
1994-04-15
1996-06-25
Nuzzolillo, M.
Chemistry: electrical current producing apparatus, product, and
Current producing cell, elements, subcombinations and...
Include electrolyte chemically specified and method
429196, 429197, 429198, 429199, 429218, 429223, 429224, H01M 614
Patent
active
055298591
ABSTRACT:
A conventional electrolyte for a secondary cell having a carbonaceous anode is comprised of an alkali metal salt dissolved in an organic electrolyte solvent. Intercalation and de-intercalation during repeated discharge/charge cycles of the secondary cell using a conventional electrolyte solvent causes continual exposure of bare surfaces of the carbonaceous material to the electrolyte, resulting in continual consumption of electrolyte in the formation of new passivation films on the bared or partially covered surfaces, adversely affecting the performance and capacity of the cell. In accordance with the present invention, at least a portion of the organic electrolyte solvent is replaced with a chloroethylene carbonate solvent capable of forming a very stable passivation film. The performance and capacity of the secondary cell is improved substantially by the addition of the halogenated organic solvent to propylene carbonate.
REFERENCES:
patent: 5028500 (1991-07-01), Fong et al.
patent: 5130211 (1992-07-01), Wilkinson
patent: 5352548 (1994-10-01), Fujimoto et al.
patent: 5356736 (1994-10-01), Kita et al.
Shu et al "Electrochemical Intercalation . . . Graphite" J. Electrochem Soc., 140: 4: 922-7; Apr., 1993.
Shu et al "Effect of 12 Crown 4 . . . Graphite" J. Electrochem Soc. 140: 6: L101-3, Jun. 1993.
Dahn et al "Dependence . . . Crystal Structure of Carbon" Electrochemicia Acta 38: 1179-91, Jun. 1993.
McMillan Roderick S.
Murray John J.
Shu Zhi X.
National Research Council of Canada
Nuzzolillo M.
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