Cleaning compositions for solid surfaces – auxiliary compositions – Cleaning compositions or processes of preparing – For cleaning a specific substrate or removing a specific...
Reexamination Certificate
2000-04-18
2002-04-02
Gupta, Yogendra N. (Department: 1751)
Cleaning compositions for solid surfaces, auxiliary compositions
Cleaning compositions or processes of preparing
For cleaning a specific substrate or removing a specific...
C510S237000, C510S426000, C510S427000, C510S499000
Reexamination Certificate
active
06365561
ABSTRACT:
FIELD OF THE INVENTION
The present invention relates to detergent compositions containing low molecular weight organic diamines. More particularly, the invention is directed to detergent compositions for hand dishwashing which have improved grease removal performance and benefits in sudsing. The detergents of this invention also have improved low temperature stability properties and superior dissolution, as well as improved tough food stain removal, and antibacterial properties. The detergent compositions of this invention can be in any form, including granular, paste, gel or liquid. Highly preferred embodiments are in liquid or gel form.
When formulated into hand dishwashing detergents at a pH of above about 8.0, the diamines are more effective as replacements for the low-level use of Ca/Mg ions as surfactancy boosters long known in the dishwashing art. The diamines provide simultaneous benefits in grease cleaning, sudsing, dissolution and low temperature stability, without the shortcomings associated with Ca/Mg.
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
Typical commercial hand dishwashing compositions incorporate divalent ions (Mg, Ca) to ensure adequate grease performance in soft water. However, the presence of divalent ions in formulas containing anionic, nonionic, or additional surfactants (e.g., alkyl dimethyl amine oxide, alkyl ethoxylate, alkanoyl glucose amide, alkyl betaines) leads to slower rates of product mixing with water (and hence poor flash foam), poor rinsing, and poor low temperature stability properties. Moreover, preparation of stable dishwashing detergents containing Ca/Mg is very difficult due to the precipitation issues associated with Ca and Mg as pH increases.
U.S. Pat. No. 4,556,509 teaches diacid salts of diamines. Under these conditions, we have found that these materials have limitations. Moreover, the benefits are confined to hardness <70 ppm. U.S. Pat. No. 4,556,509 also teaches the use of C2 spacer, e.g., ethylene diamine diacid salt and ethoxylated diamines, both of which severely limit performance in the current development.
It has now been determined that the use of certain organic diamines, as outlined in detail below, with surfactants in dishcare compositions with pH's ~8.0-12 (measured at 10% solution) leads to improved cleaning of tough food stains and removal of grease/oil when compared to the use of Mg or Ca ions in conventional detergent compositions. Unexpectedly, these organic diamines also improve suds stability in the presence of soils, esp. soils containing fatty acids and proteins.
Further, the strong grease removal performance of the diamines discussed herein allows reduction/elimination of Mg/Ca ions from the formulation while maintaining benefits in grease performance. The removal of Mg/Ca additionally leads to improved benefits in dissolution, rinsing and low temperature product stability.
The diamines of this invention in combination with surfactants also provides sensory benefits. It has been found that the presence of this composition produces a “silky” feel to wash liquor and a feeling of “mildness” to the skin. The diamines are also found to produce antibacterial benefits to the wash liquor. However, the specific compositions presented herein are especially designed for dishwashing having relatively high pH's, detersive surfactants, and optional enzymes, all of which would be undesirable in contact lens cleaners.
It has now been found these benefits are achieved through the use of low molecular weight organic diamines in higher pH formulations (~8.0-12) across a broad range of hardness (8 to >1,000 ppm).
BACKGROUND ART
U.S. Pat. No. 4,556,509 teaches the use of low molecular weight organic diamine diacid salts in detergents having a pH range of from about 6 to 8.
JP 63131124-A 88/06/03 describes contact lens cleaner containing diamines reacted with halogen compounds such as 1,2-dichloroethane.
SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION
The detergent compositions according to the present invention comprise diamines and surfactants. More specifically, the detergents of this invention comprise:
a) an effective amount of a low molecular weight (less than about 400 amu, preferably less than about 200 amu, more preferably less than or equal to about 150 amu) organic diamine wherein said diamine has a pK1 and a pK2, both in the range of from about 8.0 to about 11.5; and
b) a detersive effective amount of surfactant;
wherein the detergent composition has a pH (as measured as 10% aqueous solution) of from about 8.0 to about 12, preferably from about 8.2 to about 12, more preferably from about 8.5 to about 11; still more preferably from about 8.5 to about 10.2.
The preferred weight ratios of surfactant to organic diamine range from about 40:1 to about 2:1, more preferably about 10:1 to about 5:1.
Optionally, the detergent compositions may further comprise a reduced level of Mg/Ca ions as compared to known conventional detergent compositions. To put it another way, the compositions herein preferably utilize no more than about 1.5%, more preferably no more than about 0.6%, of available divalent ions, preferably selected from calcium and magnesium. Most preferably, the detergent compositions herein are substantially free (i.e., less than about 0.1%) of added divalent ions.
The surfactants of this invention are selected from anionic or nonionic surfactants or mixtures thereof. Preferred anionic surfactants for use herein include linear alkylbenzene sulfonate, alpha olefin sulfonate, paraffin sulfonates, methyl ester sulfonates, alkyl sulfates, alkyl alkoxy sulfate, alkyl sulfonates, alkyl alkoxylated sulfates, sarcosinates, alkyl alkoxy carboxylate, and taurinates. Preferred nonionic surfactants useful herein are selected from the group consisting of alkyl dialkyl amine oxide, alkyl ethoxylate, alkanoyl glucose amide, alkylpolyglucoside, alkyl betaines, and mixtures thereof. In one highly preferred embodiment, the anionic surfactants are selected from the group consisting of alkyl sulfates, alkyl alkoxy sulfates, and mixtures thereof. In another highly preferred embodiment, the nonionic surfactants are selected from the group consisting of amine oxide, alkyl betaine, alkanoyl glucose amide, and mixtures thereof. If a mixture of anionic surfactant and nonionic surfactant is used, the weight ratio of anionic:nonionic is preferably from about 50:1 to about 1:50, more preferably from about 50:1 to about 3:1. Also, when mixtures of anionic and nonionic surfactants are present, the hand dishwashing detergent composition herein preferably further comprise protease enzyme, amylase enzyme, or mixtures thereof. Further, these hand dishwashing detergent embodiments preferably further comprises a hydrotrope. Suitable hydrotropes include sodium, potassium, ammonium or water-soluble substituted ammonium salts of toluene sulfonic acid, naphthalene sulfonic acid, cumene sulfonic acid, xylene sulfonic acid.
The detergent will further preferably comprise one or more detersive adjuncts selected from the following: soil release polymers, dispersants, polysaccharides, abrasives, bactericides, tarnish inhibitors, builders, enzymes, dyes, buffers, antifungal or mildew control agents, insect repellents, perfumes, hydrotropes, thickeners, processing aids, suds boosters, brighteners, anti-corrosive aids, stabilizers antioxidants and chelants. Although cationic surfactants may be optionally present in the detergent compositions herein, preferred embodiments are substantially free of cationic surfactant. Moreover, the compositions herein are substantially free of halide ions (chloride, fluoride, bromide, or iodide ions) and substantially free of urea. By substantially free is meant less than about 1%, preferably less than about 0.1%, by weight of total composition, more preferably 0% added, of the specific component.
Moreover, the hand dishwashing detergent composition of this invention can further comprise enzymes preferably selected from the group consisting of protease, lipase, amylase, cellulase, and mixtures thereof; more preferably the enzymes are selected from protease
Clarke Joanna Margaret
Kasturi Chandrika
McKenzie Kristen Lynne
Ofosu-Asante Kofi
Oglesby Janice Lee
Cook C. Brant
Gupta Yogendra N.
Procter & Gamble Company
Robinson Ian S.
Taffy Frank
LandOfFree
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