Food or edible material: processes – compositions – and products – Products per se – or processes of preparing or treating... – Plant material is basic ingredient other than extract,...
Patent
1996-01-11
1998-01-27
Weber, John P.
Food or edible material: processes, compositions, and products
Products per se, or processes of preparing or treating...
Plant material is basic ingredient other than extract,...
426805, 4352571, A23K 100, A23K 118, C12N 112
Patent
active
057119830
ABSTRACT:
A biomass is provided which consists essentially of cells of dinoflagellates of the class Dinophyceae which have been cultivated to produce high cell mass and high DHA content. Biomass consisting of cells of Crypthecodinium cohnii is preferred. The cells are cultivated in an aerobic fermentor to achieve a cell density of a least 10 grams biomass per liter of nutrient solution by maintaining in the fermentor a dissolved oxygen level of at least about 10% of air saturation, and by inducing a stationary phase with a limiting nitrogen source in the nutrient solution. Under these conditions a single cell oil which contains at least 20% docosahexaenoic acid (DHA) in the triglyceride form at a concentration of at least about 1.5 grams per liter of nutrient solution is produced in the biomass. The biomass is suitable as an aquaculture feed.
REFERENCES:
patent: 3458625 (1969-07-01), Ensor et al.
patent: 3854240 (1974-12-01), Oldham et al.
patent: 4485173 (1984-11-01), Giehart
patent: 4513008 (1985-04-01), Recivi et al.
patent: 4526902 (1985-07-01), Rubin
patent: 4670285 (1987-06-01), Clandinin et al.
patent: 4681896 (1987-07-01), Horrobin
patent: 4710383 (1987-12-01), Dick
patent: 4752618 (1988-06-01), Mascioli et al.
patent: 4753964 (1988-06-01), Horribin
patent: 4775749 (1988-10-01), Hijiya et al.
patent: 4780456 (1988-10-01), Pistolesi et al.
patent: 4792418 (1988-12-01), Rubin et al.
patent: 4826877 (1989-05-01), Stewart et al.
patent: 4843095 (1989-06-01), Rubin
patent: 4868001 (1989-09-01), Maruta
patent: 4874603 (1989-10-01), Fratzer
patent: 4874629 (1989-10-01), Chang et al.
patent: 4911944 (1990-03-01), Holub
patent: 4960795 (1990-10-01), Salte et al.
patent: 4963385 (1990-10-01), Antrim et al.
patent: 5013569 (1991-05-01), Rubin
patent: 5116624 (1992-05-01), Horrobin et al.
patent: 5116871 (1992-05-01), Horrobin et al.
patent: 5120760 (1992-06-01), Horrobin
patent: 5130242 (1992-07-01), Barclay
Cox, "Dinoflagellates," CRC Handbook of Microbiol., vol. II, pp. 489-501.
Sorokin, et al., 1958, The Natural Environment Res. Council.
Haskins, et al., 1964, "Steroids and The Stimulation of Sexual Reproduction of a Species of Pythium," Can. J. Microbiol., 10:187-195.
Gold, et al., 1966, "Growth Requirements of Fyrodinium cohnii," Protozool., 13:255-257.
Tyrell, D., 1967, "The Fatty Acid Compositions of 17 Entomophthora Isolates," Can. J. Microbiol., 13:755-760.
Ackman, et al., 1968, "Marine Phytoplankter Fatty Acids," J. Fish Res. Bd. Can., 25:1603-1620.
Harrington, et al., 1970, "The Polyunsaturated Fatty Acids of Marine Dinoflagellates," J. Protozool., 17:213-219.
Beach, et al., 1973, "Environmental Influences on the Docosahexaenoiate Content of the Triacylglycerols and Phosphatidycholine of a Heterotrophic, Marine Dinoflagellate, Crypthecodinium cohnii, " B.B.A., 316:56-65.
Ervin, 1973, "Comparative Biochemistry of Fatty Acids in Eukaryotic Microorganisms," Lipids and Biomembrane of Eukaryotic Microorganisms, Chap. 2, pp. 41-143, Acad. Press.
Orcutt, et al., 1974, "Effect of Light Intensity upon Lipid Composition of Nitzschia closerium (Cylindrotheca fusiformis),"Lipids, 9:1000-1002.
Beach, et al., 1974, "Biosynthesis of Oleic Acid and Docosahexanoic Acid by a Heterotrophic Marine Dinoflagellate Crypthecodinium cohnii," Biochim. Biophys. Acta, 369:16-24.
Matuchka, M., 1975, "Higher Fatty Acids in Chlorella Vulgaris (Pyre-Noidosa): Content of Individual Acids and Use of the Algae for the Preparation of Higher Fatty Acids," Radioisotopy, 15:205-214.
Tuttle, et al., 1975, "An Optimal Growth Medium for the Dinoflagellate Crypthecodinium cohnii," Phycologia, 14:(1) pp. 1-8.
Guillard, Robt., 1975, "Culture of Phytoplankton For Feeding Marine Invertebrates,"in Culture of Marine Invertebrae Animals, Smith, et al., eds.
Caspary, Wolfgang F., 1978, "Breath Tests," Clinics in Gastroenterol., 7:351-374.
Pohl, et al., 1979 "Fatty Acids and Lipids of Marine Algae and the Control of Their Biosynthesis by Environmental Factors," Marine Algae in Pharmaceutical Science, pp. 473-523, Hoppe, et al., eds.
Aaronson, et al., 1980, "Microalgae as a Source of Chemicals and Natural Products," Algae Biomass, pp. 575-601, Shelef, et al., eds.
Pohl, 1981, CRC Handbook of Biosolar Res., Mitsui, et al., eds. pp. 383-404, Fla., CRC Press.
Sonnenborn, et al., 1982, "Purification and Properties of the Fatty Acid Synthetase Complex From the Marine Dinoflagellate, Crypthecodinium cohnii, " Biochim. Biopyhs. Acta, 712:523-534.
Kame, et al., 1983, "Use of Fish Oil Fatty Acids (EPA and DHA) in Nutrition-Supplementing Foods and in Drugs," Yushi, 36:86-92 (Abst. only) (C.A. 100, 66638d).
Guillard, et al., 1984, "Culturing Dinoflagellates," in Dinoflagellates, Spector, ed., Chap. 12, pp. 391-442, Acad. Press.
Tornabene, 1983 "Lipid Composition of the Nitrogen Starved Green Algae Neochloris oleoabundans," Enzyme Microb. Technol., 5.
Loeblich, III, A.R., 1984, "Dinoflagellate Physiology & Biochemistry," in Dinoflagellates, Chap. 9, pp. 304-305, Spector, D.L., ed.
Ben-Amotz., 1985, "Chemical Profile of Selected Species of Microalgae With Emphasis on Lipids," J, Phycol., 21:72-81.
Lands, 1986, Fish & Human Hlth., Acad. Press.
Ratledge, 1986, "The Potential of Microorganisms for Oil Production--A Review of Recent Publications," AOCS, (World Conference).
Crawford, M.A., 1987, "The Requirements of Long Chain n-6 and n-3 Fatty Acids for the Brain," in Proc. AOCS Conf., Short Course on Polyunsaturated Fatty Acids and Eicosanoids, Chap. 33, pp. 270-295, Lands, W.E.M. ed., American Oil Chemists' Soc.
Liu, et al., 1987, "Increase in Plasma Phosopholipid Doconsahexanoic and Eicosapentaenoic Acids as a Reflection of Their Intake and Mode of Administration," Pedatr. Res., 22:292-296 (Abst. Only).
Hansson, et al., 1988, "Effect of Culture Conditions on Mycelial Growth and Production of gamma (?)-Linolenic Acid by the Fungus Mortierella ramanniana, " Appl. Microbiol. Biotechnol., 28:240-246.
Henderson, et al., 1988, "Lipid Composition and Biosynthesis in the Marine Dinoflagellate Crypthecodinium cohnii," Phytochem., 27:1679-1683.
Yongmanitchai, et al., 1989, "Omega-3 Fatty Acids: Alternative Sources of Production," (title partially obliterated) Process Biochem., 24:117-125.
Kyle, et al., 1989, "Microalgae as a Source of EPA," Proc. Int. Symp. Diet. Lipids, Benefits, Hazards, and Use, Novotel, Goteborg, Sweden pp. 161-169.
Ackman, R.G., 1989, "Problems in Fish Oils and Concentrates," in Fats For The Future, Chap. 13, pp. 189-200, Cambie, ed.
Innis, et al., 1990, "Plasma and Red Blood Cell Fatty Acids of Low-Birth-Weight Infants Fed Their Mother's Expressed Breast Milk or Preterm-Infant Formula," Am. J. of Clin. Nutri., 51:994-1000.
Noguchi, et al., 1991, "Feeds Containing Highly Unsaturated Fatty Acids and Vitamin E for Swine and Production of Pork Using the Feeds," (C.A. 114, 41472 w).
Kyle, 1991, Adv. Applied Biotech., 12.
Hinden, Wash, Post, 1994 Jan. 24, Business p. 29.
Sanders, et al., 1978, "Studies of Vegans: The Fatty Acid Composition of Plasma Choline Phosphoglycerides, Erthrocytes, Adipose Tissue, and Breast Milk, and some Indicatiors of Susceptibility to Ischemic Heart Disease in Vegans and Omnivore Controls," Am. J. Clin. Nutri., 31:805-813.
Shifrin, et al., 1980, "Phytoplankton Lipids: Environmental Influences on Production and Possible Commercial Applications," Algae Biomass, pp. 627-645, Shelef, et al., eds.
Shifrin, 1984, "Oils From Microalgae," in Biotech. for Oils & Fats Indust., Chap. 14, pp. 145-162, Ratledge, et al., eds.
Neuringer, et al., 1986, "Biochemical and Functional Effects of Prenatal and Postnatal .omega.3 Fatty Acid Deficiency on Retina and Brain in Rhesus Monkeys," Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A., 83:4021-4023.
Bazan, et al., 1986, "Decreased Content of Docosahexaenoate and Arachidonate in Plasma Phospholipids in Usher's Syndrome," Biochem. Biophys, Res. Comm., 141:600-604.
El Boustani, et al., 1987, "Enteral Absorption in Man of Eicosapentaenoic Acid in Different Chemical Forms," Lipids, 22:711-714.
Puppione, et al., 1988, "Marine Mammals Animal Models for Studying the Digestion and Transport of Dietary Fats
Kyle David John
Reeb Sue Ellen
Sicotte Valerie Jacqueline
Martek Biosciences Corporation
Weber John P.
LandOfFree
Dinoflagellate biomass, methods for its production, and composit does not yet have a rating. At this time, there are no reviews or comments for this patent.
If you have personal experience with Dinoflagellate biomass, methods for its production, and composit, we encourage you to share that experience with our LandOfFree.com community. Your opinion is very important and Dinoflagellate biomass, methods for its production, and composit will most certainly appreciate the feedback.
Profile ID: LFUS-PAI-O-339865