Planetary gear transmission systems or components – Differential planetary gearing – Bevel gear differential
Patent
1992-02-26
1993-08-10
Lorence, Richard M.
Planetary gear transmission systems or components
Differential planetary gearing
Bevel gear differential
475230, 475348, F16H 140
Patent
active
052343880
DESCRIPTION:
BRIEF SUMMARY
The invention relates to a differential, particularly for motor vehicles, with a differential housing made in one piece which has two side openings via which pinion gears and side gears can be introduced into and removed from the differential housing, and in which the pinion gears and side gears in the assembled position bear rotatably against the inside of the differential housing via respective support members.
Differentials of this type have preferably been used in motor vehicles of the passenger car type, where differentials with two pinion gears are required. The fact that the differential housing cannot be divided affords the advantage that the differential is compact and can be given a lower weight than a divisible differential with the same force stress, and it is simple to assemble. The support members which are used have consisted of wear plates, as a result of which bearings of the slide bearing type have been obtained. However, this has entailed the disadvantage that the internal friction in the differential can in some cases be so great that a differential gear can be prevented from rotating at fully developed friction. This is a problem primarily in powerful-engined cars in which the pinion gears are subjected to high forces in the axial direction. The result can then be that the car becomes unwieldy and runs off at an angle on acceleration, with the accident risk which this involves.
It is previously known per se to use roller bearings in differentials for the purpose of reducing friction, but in those cases where this has been carried out, the differential housing has been divisible in order to permit assembly of the roller bearings.
The aim of the invention is to improve a differential of the type mentioned in the introduction, in such a way that it acquires reduced friction, while at the same time retaining a simple and compact construction and a design which is easy to assemble.
This is achieved according to the invention in a differential of the type mentioned in the introduction by virtue of the fact that in each of two opposite support members there is, on the one hand, a bearing member in which bearing elements are intended to perform a rolling movement and, on the other hand, a support plate which is provided with a central shaft hole and whose one side has a convex shape adapted for application against the inside of the differential housing, and whose other side has a first bearing surface for the bearing member, that one end of the side gear or pinion gear resting against the support member has a second bearing surface for the bearing member, and that the support plate forms a guide in the radial direction for the bearing member.
According to an advantageous embodiment of such a differential, the support plate has a collar projecting in the axial direction for guiding the bearing member in the radial direction. This collar can be situated either radially to the inside or radially to the outside of the bearing member.
The one convex side of the support plate can advantageously be spherical.
A design according to the invention makes it possible to give the differential improved properties in respect of friction, while at the same time retaining a differential housing of standard type. A further advantage is that the components forming part of the differential are easy to manufacture and assemble.
The invention is described in greater detail below with reference to an exemplary embodiment shown in the attached drawing, in which:
FIG. 1 shows a side view of a differential housing for a differential according to the invention, provided with a crown wheel,
FIG. 2 shows a longitudinal section through a differential according to the invention,
FIG. 3 shows a first type of support member for the differential in FIG. 2, and
FIG. 4 shows a second type of support member for the differential in FIG. 2.
A differential 1 according to the invention has a differential housing 2 made in one piece which is provided with a round flange 3 on which a crown wheel 4 is secured with the aid of a number of
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patent: 677401 (1901-07-01), Dooley
patent: 1725774 (1929-08-01), Zeithammer
patent: 2408926 (1946-10-01), Griffith
patent: 2548258 (1951-04-01), Griffith
patent: 2566601 (1951-09-01), Cousins
patent: 2578155 (1951-12-01), Slider
patent: 2680972 (1954-06-01), Tone
patent: 2774253 (1956-12-01), Minard et al.
patent: 3199375 (1965-08-01), Rosen et al.
patent: 3779102 (1973-12-01), Pfarrwaller
patent: 3874251 (1975-04-01), Lapitsky et al.
patent: 4169394 (1979-10-01), Estrada
Levi Benjamin
Lorence Richard M.
Saab Automobile Aktiebolag
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