Imperforate bowl: centrifugal separators – Including plurality of miniature bowls distrubuted about... – And means for rotating each bowl about own axis
Patent
1997-06-12
1998-10-06
Cooley, Charles E.
Imperforate bowl: centrifugal separators
Including plurality of miniature bowls distrubuted about...
And means for rotating each bowl about own axis
494 20, 494 83, B04B 502
Patent
active
058169989
DESCRIPTION:
BRIEF SUMMARY
The present invention refers to a device at centrifuges, for instance in medical care and research institute laboratories, including one handle rotatable by means of a vertical driving shaft, on which sockets for receiving centrifuge tubes, through movable means of cardanic type are mountable, which sockets during the centrifugation are freely adjustable in direction of the resultant of the forces acting on each socket.
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
For enrichment through centrifugation at research and medical care laboratories, for instance blood donor centres, there are different types of centrifuges, as well as different types of centrifuge tubes for the sample material. Generally, it consists of a liquid having components of different density, where the difference can be minimal. It can be the case when separating suspensions with low concentrations of particles with a minimum possible loss of material or separation of suspensions having a large amount of cells, such as blood, by separating it in different blood components. The sample material can be valuable or in a limited amount, whereby when washing the same a loss can be noticeable.
The dominating types of centrifuges are of fixed angle and swing out types, which are also equipped for, so-called ultracentrifugation. It is performed in the vacuum, to avoid the air resistance, which can be very high at high number of revolutions.
A centrifuge of cardanic type is described in SE-C-129311, which allows quick acceleration and deceleration without damaging effect on the sedimentation or enrichment in case of a small amount of material, at most 100 milliliters. In larger volumes, at quick deceleration a whirlpool is created, then the material will rotate in the tube. Whirlpools in the sample material make some part of the liquid during the retardation phase of the centrifuge turbid.
Another drawback using centrifuge with conventional cylindrical centrifuge tubes is that some part of the sediment adheres to the upper part of the centrifuge tubes instead of being collected on the bottom of it.
THE OBJECT AND THE MOST IMPORTANT FEATURES
The object of the present invention is to provide a centrifuge, in which any whirlpools deteriorating the centrifugation result, are produced not even at relatively quick deceleration. Another object of the invention is to elaborate centrifuge tubes so that material with higher density will not adhere onto the tube walls, but they are practically 100% centrifuged down to the bottom portion of the centrifuge tube. The first-mentioned object has been achieved by means of sockets and thereby the centrifuge tubes are provided rotatably about its own longitudinal axis during the action of deceleration forces at the deceleration of the centrifuge acting on them, that each attachment consists of two concentric rings, a first inner ring, being movable about two diametrically opposing radial pivots, provided in a second outer ring, which in turn is movable about two radial pivots, arranged perpendicular to said former pivots and mounted in the handle, and that at the first inner ring an axial bearing for supporting said socket is arranged. The second object has been achieved by providing the centrifuge tubes with converging inner limiter surfaces at least along some part, preferably the upper part, of its length, extension of said limiter surfaces, when the centrifuge tube is in its horizontal centrifugation position, coincide in a point situated essentially on the centre line of the driving shaft.
DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS
In the following, the invention will be described with reference to enclosed drawings, which show some embodiments.
FIGS. 1-4 shows perspectively the rotor of the centrifuge with its movable sockets and centrifuge tubes in different states inserted in it, where FIG. 1 shows the rotor in resting position, FIG. 2 in acceleration position, FIG. 3 in its optimal operation position and FIG. 4 in deceleration position.
FIG. 5 shows in, an enlarged scale, a part of the handle of the centrifuge in a view from abo
REFERENCES:
patent: 2604261 (1952-07-01), Silverstolpe
patent: 2878994 (1959-03-01), Anderson
patent: 3028075 (1962-04-01), Blum
patent: 3266718 (1966-08-01), Stahl et al.
patent: 4624655 (1986-11-01), Cole
patent: 4659325 (1987-04-01), Cole et al.
Olling Sante
Silverstolpe Lennart
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