Electrical computers and digital processing systems: support – System access control based on user identification by... – Using record or token
Reexamination Certificate
1998-11-17
2001-10-30
Peeso, Thomas R. (Department: 2132)
Electrical computers and digital processing systems: support
System access control based on user identification by...
Using record or token
C713S172000, C713S182000, C713S002000, C380S029000, C380S258000
Reexamination Certificate
active
06311272
ABSTRACT:
FIELD OF THE INVENTION
The present invention relates to biometric devices generally.
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
Biometric technology is discussed in B. Miller, “How to think about identification”,
The
1995
Advanced Card and Identification Technology Sourcebook
, Warfel and Miller Inc., Rockville, Md., 1995.
A state of the art value transfer system is described in U.S. Pat. No. 5,623,547 to Jones et al.
The disclosures of all publications mentioned in the specification and of the publications cited therein are hereby incorporated by reference.
SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION
The present invention seeks to provide an improved biometric system and methods useful in implementing such a system.
There is thus provided in accordance with a preferred embodiment of the present invention a secured biometric system including a portable secured biometric information receptacle storing biometric information regarding an individual and a terminal which does not store the biometric information and which is operative to compare the biometric information on the biometric information receptacle to biometric information obtained directly from the human bearer of the biometric information receptacle.
Also provided, in accordance with another preferred embodiment of the present invention, is a biometric system eliciting a migrating biometric characteristic from individuals, the system including a biometric information repository storing at least first and second templates of at least one migrating biometric characteristic for each of a population of individuals, the first template being a reference sample of an individual's biometric characteristic and the second template being initially derived from the first template, a repository keeper operative to compare an individual's first and second templates to a fresh sample provided by the individual and, if the fresh sample is found to sufficiently resemble the first and second templates, to modify the second template to take into account differences between the reference sample and the fresh sample.
Also provided, in accordance with another preferred embodiment of the present invention, is a secured biometric device eliciting a biometric characteristic from individuals, the system including a biometric information repository storing a biometric information file for each of a population of individuals, each biometric information file of a particular individual including a representation of a sample of at least one biometric characteristic, and enrollment operator identification information identifying the enrollment operator who presided over elicitation of the sample from the individual.
Also provided, in accordance with another preferred embodiment of the present invention, is a secured biometric system eliciting a biometric characteristic from individuals, the system including a secure enrollment unit operative to enroll individuals by eliciting a reference biometric characteristic sample therefrom, a secure access control unit operative to validate an enrolled individual by eliciting a fresh biometric characteristic sample therefrom and comparing the fresh and reference samples; and a security subsystem protecting the biometric characteristic samples from rogues.
Also provided, in accordance with another preferred embodiment of the present invention, is a digital decision making system including a portable digital information receptacle; and an information receptacle terminal operative to carry out an interaction with the portable digital information receptacle and to make a decision based on the interaction, wherein the interaction includes a clear portion and a protected portion and wherein the clear portion includes only a declaration on the part of the terminal of its identity.
Further in accordance with a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the protected portion includes a publicly known identity of the portable digital information receptacle.
Still further in accordance with a preferred embodiment of the present invention, information receptacle includes a smart card.
Additionally in accordance with a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the protected portion includes a transfer of value from an account controlled by the information receptacle to a value destination, the transfer including a commitment of the information receptacle to the terminal that the value is to be transferred to the value destination.
Further in accordance with a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the protected portion is protected by a symmetric cryptographic scheme and an asymmetric cryptographic scheme.
Still further in accordance with a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the biometric characteristic includes at least one of the following: an item of information known to an individual; an article possessed by an individual; and a physiological feature of an individual.
Conventionally, operators of biometric devices and individuals subjected thereto do not regard biometric characteristics as confidential information and therefore, conventional biometric devices typically do not include security. A particular feature of a preferred embodiment of the present invention is that biometric features are regarded as excellent criteria for identifying individuals, if and only if suitable security is provided each time biometric features are elicited or used to provide access control.
The term “smart card” is used herein as an example and it is appreciated that alternatively, any portable information receptacle may be used.
REFERENCES:
patent: 4993068 (1991-02-01), Piosenka et al.
patent: 5457747 (1995-10-01), Drexler et al.
patent: 5465303 (1995-11-01), Levison et al.
patent: 5586171 (1996-12-01), McAllister et al.
patent: 5594806 (1997-01-01), Colbert
patent: 5623547 (1997-04-01), Jones et al.
patent: 5664107 (1997-09-01), Chatwani et al.
Miller, B. “How To Think About Identification”, The 1995 Advanced Card and Identification Technology Sourcebook, pp. 17-27, Warfel and Miller Inc., Rockville, 1995.
M-Systems Flash Disk Pioneers Ltd.
Merchant & Gould P.C.
Peeso Thomas R.
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