Synthetic resins or natural rubbers -- part of the class 520 ser – Synthetic resins – At least one aryl ring which is part of a fused or bridged...
Reexamination Certificate
2002-06-28
2004-09-28
Sanders, Kriellion A. (Department: 1714)
Synthetic resins or natural rubbers -- part of the class 520 ser
Synthetic resins
At least one aryl ring which is part of a fused or bridged...
C524S570000, C524S571000, C524S804000, C526S210000
Reexamination Certificate
active
06797761
ABSTRACT:
The present invention relates to novel aqueous primary dispersions which comprise dispersed and/or emulsified, solid and/or liquid polymer particles and/or dispersed solid core-shell particles having a diameter≦500 nm. The present invention further relates to a novel process for preparing the novel aqueous primary dispersions by means of free-radical microemulsion and miniemulsion polymerization. The present invention relates, furthermore, to the use of the novel aqueous primary dispersions for preparing novel coating materials, adhesives and sealing compounds. The present invention relates not least to the use of the novel coating materials, adhesives and sealing compounds in automotive OEM finishing and refinishing, furniture coating, industrial coating, including container coating, coil coating and the coating of electrical components.
Microemulsions and miniemulsions are dispersions comprising water, an oil phase and one or more surface-active substances and having droplet sizes of from 5 to 50 nm (microemulsions) or from 50 to 500 nm. Microemulsions are regarded as being thermodynamically stable, whereas the miniemulsions are regarded as metastable (cf. Emulsion Polymerization and Emulsion Polymers, Editors: P. A. Lovell and Mohamed S. El-Aasser, John Wiley and Sons, Chichester, N.Y., Weinheim, 1997, pages 700 et seq.; Mohamed S. El-Aasser, Advances in Emulsion Polymerization and Latex Technology, 30
th
Annual Short Course, Volume 3, Jun. 7-11, 1999, Emulsion Polymers Institute, Lehigh University, Bethlehem, Pa., USA). Both types of dispersions find broad application in the art: for example, in cleaning products, cosmetics or bodycare products. They may, however, also be used for polymerization reactions in place of the customary macroemulsions, in which droplet sizes>1000 nm are present.
The preparation of aqueous primary dispersions by means of free-radical miniemulsion polymerization is known, for example, from the international patent application WO 98/02466 or from German patents DE 196 28 143 A 1 and DE 196 28 142 A 2. In the case of these known processes, the monomers may be copolymerized in the presence of different low molecular mass, oligomeric or polymeric, hydrophobic substances, which are also referred to as costabilizers (cf. DE 196 28 142 A2). Furthermore, hydrophobic, organic auxiliaries of low solubility in water, such as plasticizers, enhancers of the tackiness of the resulting film, film forming auxiliaries, i.e., coalescents, or other, unspecified organic additives, may be incorporated into the monomer droplets of the miniemulsion (cf. DE 196 28 143 A1).
Moreover, aqueous coating materials based on aqueous primary dispersions which comprise solid core-shell particles and have been prepared by miniemulsion polymerization of monomers in the presence of hydrophobic polymers are known from patents EP 0 401 565 A1, WO 97/49739 or EP 0 755 946 A1.
Although the known aqueous primary dispersions and coating materials already have numerous advantageous properties, problems may still arise in connection with film formation, these problems being unable to be removed entirely through the use of customary and known coalescents in microemulsion and miniemulsion polymerization. The costabilizers commonly employed, as well, are unable to offer a satisfactory solution.
The subsequent incorporation of the coalescents into the aqueous primary dispersions may, moreover, also lead to coagulation of the dispersions, with the result that they can be used only with very great restrictions, if at all, for demanding applications, such as the production of decorative and/or protective coatings.
The use of polyhydroxy-functionalized cyclic and/or acyclic alkanes having from 9 to 16 carbon atoms in the molecule is not disclosed in the patents mentioned above.
Unsatisfactory film forming properties and the risk of coagulation, however, run counter to the widespread use of the known aqueous primary dispersions and of the coating materials prepared from them. The same applies to the corresponding adhesives and sealing compounds.
The patent application bearing the file reference DE 199 59 923.8, unpublished at the priority date of the present specification, describes the controlled free-radical microemulsion and miniemulsion polymerization of olefinically unsaturated monomers in the presence of crosslinking agents for the copolymers resulting from the monomers. The use of polyhydroxy-functionalized cyclic and/or acyclic alkanes having from 9 to 16 carbon atoms in the molecule is not addressed in said patent.
Polyhydroxy-functionalized cyclic and/or acyclic alkanes having from 9 to 16 carbon atoms in the molecule, such as the positionally isomeric diethyloctanediols, have already been used as reactive diluents for thermal curing in coating materials curable thermally or both thermally and with actinic radiation (cf. German patent application DE 198 09 643 A1, published before the priority date of the present specification), in architectural coating materials, as a reaction medium for the preparation of acrylic copolymers, or as a synthetic building block for the preparation of oligomers and polymers (cf. patent applications bearing the file references DE 198 50 243, 198 55 167.3, 199 24 674.2, 199 38 758.3, 199 40 855.6, or 199 45 574.0, all unpublished at the priority date of the present specification). The use of polyhydroxy-functionalized cyclic and/or acyclic alkanes having from 9 to 16 carbon atoms in the molecule in the microemulsion and miniemulsion polymerization of olefinically unsaturated monomers is neither described in the abovementioned patent nor addressed in the unpublished patent applications.
It is an object of the present invention to improve the film forming properties of the existing aqueous primary dispersions and of the coating materials, adhesives, and sealing compounds produced from them so that they may be employed more broadly than has been possible to date. Moreover, the relevant coating materials, adhesives and sealing compounds are to have a popping tendency which is reduced in comparison with the prior art. In particular, the coatings produced from them should have a higher degree of gloss, less haze, and a surface free from optically disruptive structures, as compared with the known coatings. The advantages of the existing aqueous primary dispersions and of the coating materials, adhesives and sealing compounds produced from them should nevertheless be retained in their entirety.
It is a further object of the present invention to find a novel process of microemulsion and miniemulsion polymerization of olefinically unsaturated monomers which operates simply to provide aqueous primary dispersions having an improved profile of properties, particularly improved film forming properties.
The invention accordingly provides the novel aqueous primary dispersions comprising dispersed and/or emulsified, solid and/or liquid polymer particles and/or dispersed solid core-shell particles having a diameter≦500 nm, preparable by free-radical microemulsion or miniemulsion polymerization of at least one olefinically unsaturated monomer (A) in the presence of at least one polyhydroxy-functionalized cyclic and/or acyclic alkane having from 9 to 16 carbon atoms in the molecule, which are referred to below as “primary dispersions of the invention”.
The invention also provides the novel process for preparing aqueous primary dispersions comprising dispersed and/or emulsified, solid and/or liquid polymer particles and/or dispersed solid core-shell particles having a diameter≦500 nm, in which at least one olefinically unsaturated monomer (A) is subjected to free-radical (co)polymerization in a microemulsion or miniemulsion in the presence of at least one polyhydroxy-functionalized cyclic and/or acyclic alkane having from 9 to 16 carbon atoms in the molecule, and which is referred to below as “process of the invention”.
Further subject matter of the invention will emerge from the description.
In the light of the prior art it was surprising and unforeseeable by the skil
Bendix Maximilian
Rink Heinz-Peter
BASF Coatings AG
Sanders Kriellion A.
LandOfFree
Aqueous primary dispersions, method for preparation and use... does not yet have a rating. At this time, there are no reviews or comments for this patent.
If you have personal experience with Aqueous primary dispersions, method for preparation and use..., we encourage you to share that experience with our LandOfFree.com community. Your opinion is very important and Aqueous primary dispersions, method for preparation and use... will most certainly appreciate the feedback.
Profile ID: LFUS-PAI-O-3193968