Error detection/correction and fault detection/recovery – Pulse or data error handling – Digital data error correction
Reexamination Certificate
1998-07-06
2001-07-17
Decady, Albert (Department: 2133)
Error detection/correction and fault detection/recovery
Pulse or data error handling
Digital data error correction
C714S746000, C714S701000
Reexamination Certificate
active
06263468
ABSTRACT:
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
1. Field of the Invention
The present invention relates to providing a robust error recovery due to data losses incurred during transmission of signals.
2. Art Background
A number of techniques exist for reconstructing lost data due to random errors that occur during signal transmission. However, these techniques cannot handle the loss of consecutive packets of data. Consecutive loss of packets of data is described in the art as burst error. Burst errors result in a reconstructed signal with such a degraded quality that it is easily apparent to the end user. Additionally, compression methodologies used to facilitate high speed communications compound the signal degradation caused by burst errors, thus adding to the degradation of the reconstructed signal. An example of burst error loss affecting transmitted and/or stored signals is seen in high definition television (“HDTV”) signals and mobile telecommunication applications wherein compression methodologies play an important role.
The advent of HDTV has led to television systems with a much higher resolution than the current standards proposed by the National Television Systems Committee (“NTSC”). Proposed HDTV signals are predominantly digital. Accordingly, when a color television signal is converted for digital use it is common that the luminance and chrominance signals are digitized using eight bits. Digital transmission of color television requires a nominal bit rate of two hundred and sixteen megabits per second. The transmission rate is greater for HDTV which would nominally require about 1200 megabits per second. Such high transmission rates are well beyond the bandwidths supported by current wireless standards. Accordingly, an efficient compression methodology is required.
Compression methodologies also play an important role in mobile telecommunication applications. Typically, packets of data are communicated between remote terminals in mobile telecommunication applications. The limited number of transmission channels in mobile communications requires an effective compression methodology prior to the transmission of packets. A number of compression techniques are available to facilitate high transmission rates.
Adaptive Dynamic Range Coding (“ADRC”) and the discrete cosine transform (“DCT”) coding provide image compression techniques known in the art. Both techniques take advantage of the local correlation within an image to achieve a high compression ratio. However, an efficient compression algorithm results in compounded error propagation because errors in an encoded signal are more prominent when subsequently decoded. This error multiplication results in a degraded video image that is readily apparent to the user.
SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION
A method for source coding a signal is described. In particular, a signal comprising multiple signal elements is processed. Each signal element is encoded to form a bitstream. The bits within a given bitstream are distributed across different bitstreams. Thus, the parameters describing components of the segment elements are distributed across the different bitstreams. The distributing steps result in error distribution across multiple levels. Therefore, when the distributing steps are reversed by the decoder, a burst transmission error becomes a distributed set of localized losses.
Another method is also described for a multiple level shuffling process. A signal is defined as multiple levels wherein each level comprises a plurality of frames, a plurality of pixels, and a plurality of bits. In one embodiment, shuffling occurs on each level and between levels. Multiple level shuffling causes burst error loss to be distributed across multiple levels thereby facilitating image reconstruction of those areas of the image in which the loss occurred.
REFERENCES:
patent: 3311879 (1967-03-01), Daher
patent: 3805232 (1974-04-01), Allen
patent: 4361853 (1982-11-01), Remy et al.
patent: 4381519 (1983-04-01), Wilkinson et al.
patent: 4419693 (1983-12-01), Wilkinson et al.
patent: 4532628 (1985-07-01), Matthews
patent: 4574393 (1986-03-01), Blackwell et al.
patent: 4703351 (1987-10-01), Kondo
patent: 4703352 (1987-10-01), Kondo
patent: 4710811 (1987-12-01), Kondo
patent: 4722003 (1988-01-01), Kondo
patent: 4729021 (1988-03-01), Kondo
patent: 4772947 (1988-09-01), Kono
patent: 4788589 (1988-11-01), Kondo
patent: 4815078 (1989-03-01), Shimura
patent: 4845560 (1989-07-01), Kondo et al.
patent: 4885636 (1989-12-01), Sullivan
patent: 4890161 (1989-12-01), Kondo
patent: 4924310 (1990-05-01), Von Brandt
patent: 4953023 (1990-08-01), Kondo
patent: 4975915 (1990-12-01), Sako et al.
patent: 5023710 (1991-06-01), Kondo et al.
patent: 5086489 (1992-02-01), Shimura
patent: 5093872 (1992-03-01), Tutt
patent: 5101446 (1992-03-01), Resnikoff et al.
patent: 5122873 (1992-06-01), Golin
patent: 5134479 (1992-07-01), Ohishi
patent: 5142537 (1992-08-01), Kutner et al.
patent: 5150210 (1992-09-01), Hoshi et al.
patent: 5159452 (1992-10-01), Kinoshita et al.
patent: 5166987 (1992-11-01), Kageyama
patent: 5177797 (1993-01-01), Takenaka et al.
patent: 5185746 (1993-02-01), Tanaka et al.
patent: 5196931 (1993-03-01), Kondo
patent: 5208816 (1993-05-01), Seshardi et al.
patent: 5237424 (1993-08-01), Nishino et al.
patent: 5241381 (1993-08-01), Kondo
patent: 5243428 (1993-09-01), Challapali et al.
patent: 5258835 (1993-11-01), Kato
patent: 5307175 (1994-04-01), Seachman
patent: 5327502 (1994-07-01), Katata et al.
patent: 5337087 (1994-08-01), Mishima
patent: 5359694 (1994-10-01), Concordel
patent: 5379072 (1995-01-01), Kondo
patent: 5398078 (1995-03-01), Masuda et al.
patent: 5406334 (1995-04-01), Kondo et al.
patent: 5416651 (1995-05-01), Uetake et al.
patent: 5416847 (1995-05-01), Boze
patent: 5428403 (1995-06-01), Andrew et al.
patent: 5434716 (1995-07-01), Sugiyama et al.
patent: 5438369 (1995-08-01), Citta et al.
patent: 5440345 (1995-08-01), Shimoda
patent: 5446456 (1995-08-01), Seo
patent: 5455629 (1995-10-01), Sun et al.
patent: 5469216 (1995-11-01), Takahashi et al.
patent: 5469474 (1995-11-01), Kitabatake
patent: 5471501 (1995-11-01), Parr et al.
patent: 5473479 (1995-12-01), Takahura
patent: 5481554 (1996-01-01), Kondo
patent: 5481627 (1996-01-01), Kim
patent: 5495298 (1996-02-01), Uchida et al.
patent: 5499057 (1996-03-01), Kondo et al.
patent: 5557420 (1996-09-01), Yanagihara et al.
patent: 5557479 (1996-09-01), Yanagihara
patent: 5558608 (1996-09-01), Shimizume
patent: 5577053 (1996-11-01), Dent
patent: 5594807 (1997-01-01), Liu
patent: 5598214 (1997-01-01), Kondo et al.
patent: 5617333 (1997-04-01), Oyamada et al.
patent: 5625715 (1997-04-01), Trew et al.
patent: 5636316 (1997-06-01), Oku et al.
patent: 5649053 (1997-07-01), Kim
patent: 5663764 (1997-09-01), Kondo et al.
patent: 5673357 (1997-09-01), Shima
patent: 5677734 (1997-10-01), Oikawa et al.
patent: 5689302 (1997-11-01), Jones
patent: 5699475 (1997-12-01), Oguro et al.
patent: 5703889 (1997-12-01), Shimoda et al.
patent: 5724099 (1998-03-01), Hamdi et al.
patent: 5724369 (1998-03-01), Brailean et al.
patent: 5737022 (1998-04-01), Yamaguchi et al.
patent: 5751361 (1998-05-01), Kim
patent: 5751743 (1998-05-01), Takizawa
patent: 5751862 (1998-05-01), Williams et al.
patent: 5756857 (1998-05-01), Yamaguchi
patent: 5790195 (1998-08-01), Ohsawa
patent: 5796786 (1998-08-01), Lee
patent: 5805762 (1998-09-01), Boyce et al.
patent: 5809231 (1998-09-01), Yokoyama et al.
patent: 5852470 (1998-12-01), Kondo et al.
patent: 5861922 (1999-01-01), Murashita et al.
patent: 5878183 (1999-03-01), Sugiyama et al.
patent: 5903481 (1999-05-01), Kondo et al.
patent: 5936674 (1999-08-01), Kim
patent: 5938318 (1999-07-01), Araki
patent: 5946044 (1999-08-01), Kondo et al.
patent: 6067636 (2000-05-01), Yao et al.
patent: 0 359 729 A2 (1989-08-01), None
patent: 0 398 741 (1990-11-01), None
patent: 0 527 611 (1992-08-01), None
patent: 0 558 016 (1993-02-01), None
patent: 0 566 412 A2 (1993-04-01), None
patent: 0 571 180 A2 (1993-05-01), None
patent: 0 592 196 A2 (1993-10-01), None
patent: 0 596 826 (1993-11-01), None
patent: 0 605 209 A2 (1993-12-01)
Carrig James J.
Fujimori Yasuhiro
Ghosal Sugata
Kondo Tetsujiro
Blakely , Sokoloff, Taylor & Zafman LLP
Chase Shelly A
De'cady Albert
Sony Corporation
LandOfFree
Apparatus and method for partial buffering transmitted data... does not yet have a rating. At this time, there are no reviews or comments for this patent.
If you have personal experience with Apparatus and method for partial buffering transmitted data..., we encourage you to share that experience with our LandOfFree.com community. Your opinion is very important and Apparatus and method for partial buffering transmitted data... will most certainly appreciate the feedback.
Profile ID: LFUS-PAI-O-2509217