Food or edible material: processes – compositions – and products – Products per se – or processes of preparing or treating... – Gels or gelable composition
Patent
1991-03-05
1994-01-04
Wityshyn, Michael G.
Food or edible material: processes, compositions, and products
Products per se, or processes of preparing or treating...
Gels or gelable composition
99510, 99511, 99513, 99521, 4241951, 426590, 426804, 536 2, 536128, A23L 105, A23N 102
Patent
active
052758346
DESCRIPTION:
BRIEF SUMMARY
The present invention relates to plant wall-rich products and concerns more particularly a treatment of a novel type which is applied thereto and which results in products modified by an exclusively physical route. These modified products, which are novel in themselves, can be used as alimentary fibers. They can, however, be subjected directly to an aqueous extraction which also produces novel products consisting, on the one hand, of the water-soluble fractions and, on the other hand, of the extraction residues. The latter also constitute alimentary fibers. As for the water-soluble fractions, their nature varies depending on the starting products. It is possible to isolate from them substances of interest which are especially pectins, carrageenans, alginates, agaroses, agar, and the like, these substances finding an application, by virtue of their thickening and gelling properties, in the manufacture of fruit preserves, of candy, and in the preparation of cooked dishes and of dairy desserts. In accordance with the invention, as indicated above, these substances exhibit novel characteristics which render them more particularly applicable in certain cases, as will be described hereinafter.
The plant wall-rich products consist generally of the by-products of the food industry and of agriculture, which are obtained in enormous tonnages. They consist essentially of polysaccharides: pectins, hemicellulose and cellulose, which have functional and/or nutritional properties, employed by the industry. Thus, these products are sources of animal feedstuffs, of fermentable products, of alimentary fibers, soluble or otherwise, with recognized or potential nutritional effects, of polysaccharides (pectins) capable of being employed industrially as food additives, as mentioned above. The present invention also includes within its scope the upgrading of these products.
The treatments which are applied to them at the present time are essentially of chemical nature, being supplemented by conventional physical processes: liquid/solid separation, grinding, and the like.
By way of example, the extraction of pectins from the by-products of the fruit juice industry (apple marcs, citrus peelings) is in principle carried out hot (60.degree.-20 80.degree. C.) using an inorganic acid at pH 1-2.5, for periods which can be up to several hours. The yield is generally from 8 to 10% by weight of pectins relative to the initial solid content. The solution containing the pectins is separated from the residue by centrifuging and/or filtration techniques. This solution is next neutralized, is concentrated, and the pectins are precipitated from an alcoholic medium and recovered as a powder, ready for use.
A first disadvantage of this process is that an acidic treatment frequently causes contamination and corrosion of the vessels, with the additional disadvantage that the residues cannot be utilized, except as animal feedstuffs. Now, it is known that the residues from the extraction of pectins, or even the initial products, are potentially alimentary fibers, which are useful from a nutritional standpoint.
In addition, insofar as pectins are involved, it is known that the latter must be highly methylated (in other words must have a degree of methylation DM of more than 50%) and must have a sufficient molecular mass, so that they will be able to gel in the presence of sugar and in an acidic medium. If it is wished to obtain pectins with lower degrees of methylation, which will gel in the presence of Ca.sup.2+ ions, in the presence or otherwise of sugar, a demethylation of the already extracted pectins must then be carried out in an acidic and alcoholic medium. The residue from the extraction of pectins, in its turn, forms a by-product intended for animal feedstuffs. It appears, however, that at present it is not possible to obtain pectins which have DM values of more than 75%. Such pectins, could be found useful in certain applications; it is known, in fact, that the higher the DM, the higher the rate of gelling, and the lesser the need for the pH
REFERENCES:
patent: 3948677 (1976-04-01), Huster
patent: 4034664 (1977-07-01), Hassell
patent: 4139647 (1979-02-01), Douglas
patent: 4506601 (1985-03-01), Ramirez
patent: 4526794 (1985-07-01), Altomare
patent: 4528188 (1985-07-01), Mitsuhashi
patent: 4529613 (1985-07-01), Mezzino
patent: 4865863 (1989-09-01), Prosise
patent: 4968694 (1990-11-01), Madsen
patent: 4988530 (1991-01-01), Hoersten
patent: 5008254 (1991-04-01), Weibel
patent: 5011701 (1991-04-01), Baer
Della Valle Guy
Ralet Marie-Christine
Thibault Jean F.
Gitomer Ralph
Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique
Wityshyn Michael G.
LandOfFree
Plant-wall-rich product with enhanced water-soluble polysacchari does not yet have a rating. At this time, there are no reviews or comments for this patent.
If you have personal experience with Plant-wall-rich product with enhanced water-soluble polysacchari, we encourage you to share that experience with our LandOfFree.com community. Your opinion is very important and Plant-wall-rich product with enhanced water-soluble polysacchari will most certainly appreciate the feedback.
Profile ID: LFUS-PAI-O-305384