Synthetic resins or natural rubbers -- part of the class 520 ser – Synthetic resins – Polymers from only ethylenic monomers or processes of...
Patent
1994-07-11
1995-12-19
Schofer, Joseph L.
Synthetic resins or natural rubbers -- part of the class 520 ser
Synthetic resins
Polymers from only ethylenic monomers or processes of...
526312, 526316, 526332, C08F22056, C08F22602, C08F21636
Patent
active
054769132
DESCRIPTION:
BRIEF SUMMARY
TECHNICAL FIELD
The present invention relates to polymerizable monomer, polymers thereof, process for preparing the polymer and the use of the polymer. The invention provides polymerizable monomers for readily giving antibacterial polymers which are excellent in bactericidal activity, high in safety and stability and capable of retaining their effect over a prolonged period of time, and also provides these polymers, process for preparing the same and the use of the same.
The antibacterial polymers derived from the polymerizable monomers of the invention are usable, for example, for sterilization or slime control of tap water, cooling water and water in pools, for compositions for preventing soiling of fishing nets, ship bottoms, underwater structures, etc., for food packaging materials, building materials, agricultural materials, medical articles, materials or utensils for use in the oral cavity (toothbrushes, toothpastes, etc.), spectacle frames, cosmetics, clothes, household utensils and the like, and a wide variety of other uses.
BACKGROUND ART
Among the conventional antibacterial compounds, those of low molecular weight are used as merely mixed with materials (such as resins) for forming various products, so that the antibacterial compound inevitably dissolves out, consequently becoming impaired in antibacterial activity and causing environmental pollution. Also encountered are problems such as toxicity of the compound to the living body due to contact with the product, and appearance of resistant bacteria.
To solve these problems, antibacterial polymers have been developed in recent years which are prepared by introducing an antibacterial functional group into high-molecular-weight compounds. These antibacterial polymers include, for example, those comprising a repeating unit represented by the general formula (3) (JP-A-100254/1986) and those comprising a repeating unit represented by the general formula (4) (JP-A-246205/1986). ##STR2## wherein R.sup.10 is methyl or ethyl, R.sup.11 is alkyl having 3 to 30 carbon atoms. ##STR3## wherein the groups R.sup.12 are the same or different and are each alkyl having 1 to 4 carbon atoms, R.sup.13 is alkyl having 14 to 20 carbon atoms, and X.sup.- is an anion.
However, these known antibacterial polymers are not fully satisfactory in antibacterial activity.
The antibacterial polymer is prepared by reacting a tertiary amine with a polymer having a reactive chlorine group in its side chain to substitute the tertiary amine for the reactive chlorine group, whereas difficulty is encountered in completely effecting the substitution, consequently permitting many active chlorine-containing functional groups to remain in the molecule. Accordingly, the antibacterial polymer itself problems in respect of stability and safety to the human body.
To overcome these problems, antibacterial polymers are also prepared by synthesizing an antibacterial polymerizable monomer and copolymerizing the monomer with other monomer. For example, antisoiling coating compositions are known which comprise as an effective component a copolymer containing a monomer represented by the general formula (5) (JP-A-64167/1990). ##STR4## wherein R.sup.14 is a straight-chain or branched alkyl or alkenyl having 8 to 22 carbon atoms, R.sup.15 and R.sup.16 are each alkyl having 1 to 3 carbon atoms, R.sup.17 is a hydrogen atom or methyl, B is O--CO or O--CH.sub.2, and X is a monovalent anion.
Further according to a report of Senuma et al., polymers are prepared by reacting chloromethylstyrene with cetyldimethylamine [C.sub.16 H.sub.33 N(CH.sub.3).sub.2 ] to obtain a quaternary ammonium salt polymer represented by the general formula (6), and copolymerizing the monomer with acrylonitrile [High-Polymer Fiber Material Research Institute, Research Report, No. 159 (1988) , pp. 17.about.22]. However, these polymers still remain to be improved in antibacterial activity. ##STR5##
Further U.S. Pat. No. 4,009,201 discloses that a polymer is produced by preparing a cationic monomer represented, for example, by the f
REFERENCES:
patent: 3825511 (1974-07-01), Markhart et al.
patent: 4009201 (1977-02-01), Steckler et al.
patent: 4826924 (1989-05-01), Kourai et al.
Senuma et al., "Synthesis and Antibacterial Activities of Copolymers Having A Quaternary Ammonium Salt Group", High-Polymer Fiber Material Research Institute, Research Report, No. 159 (1988), pp. 17-22.
Akada Mitsuo
Hama Hiroshi
Kourai Hiroki
Mori Kouji
Murakami Akihiro
Cheng Wu C.
Kubovcik Ronald J.
Otsuka Kagaku Kabushiki Kaisha
Schofer Joseph L.
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