Radiation imagery chemistry: process – composition – or product th – Electric or magnetic imagery – e.g. – xerography,... – Radiation-sensitive composition or product
Patent
1988-08-01
1990-12-04
Goodrow, John L.
Radiation imagery chemistry: process, composition, or product th
Electric or magnetic imagery, e.g., xerography,...
Radiation-sensitive composition or product
430 73, 430 76, G03G 510
Patent
active
049753509
DESCRIPTION:
BRIEF SUMMARY
FIELD OF THE INVENTION
The present invention relates to photoreceptors, and, in particular, to electrophotographic photoreceptors.
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
Hitherto, electrophotographic photoreceptors being photosensitive to visible rays have been widely used in copying machines, printers, and the like.
For such electrophotographic photoreceptors, inorganic photoreceptors having a photosensitive layer composed principally of an inorganic photoconductive material, such as selenium, zinc oxide, or cadmium sulfide, are widely used. However, these inorganic photoreceptors are not always satisfactory in various performance characteristics, such as photosensitivity, thermal stability, humidity resistance, and service durability, which are required of an electrophotographic photoreceptor for use in copying machines and the like. for example, selenium is liable to become crystallized under heat or by stains with fingerprints or otherwise, thus possibly deteriorating the foregoing characteristics of the electrophotographic photoreceptor. Photoreceptors in which cadmium sulfide is used are found unsatisfactory in humidity resistance and durability, and those in which zinc oxide is used have a disadvantage in respect to durability. Further, electrophotographic photoreceptors in which selenium or cadmium sulfide is used incur considerable limitations in manufacturing and in handling.
To overcome these problems on such inorganic photoconductive materials, attempts have been made to use various kinds of photoconductive materials in a photosensitive layer of an electrophotographic photoreceptor and, in recent years, various research and development works have been actively made which are directed to this end. For example, Japanese Patent Examined Publication No. 10496/1975 discloses an organic photoreceptor having a photosensitive layer containing poly-N-vinylcarbazole and 2,4,7-trinitro-9-fluorenone. However, this photoreceptor is still unsatisfactory in respect of sensitivity and durability. In view of this deficiency there has been developed an electrophotographic photoreceptor of the function divided type in which two separate layers are provided in place of a photosensitive layer, one as a carrier generating layer and the other as a carrier transporting layer, the two layers respectively containing a carrier generating material and a carrier transporting material. According to this arrangement, a carrier generating function and a carrier transporting function can be separately allotted to different materials so that the materials assigned to the different functions can be individually selected from wide ranges of materials. Therefore, electrophotographic photoreceptors having any desired performance characteristics can be comparatively easily produced. Thus, it is expected that an organic photoreceptor can be provided which has high sensitivity and high durability.
A number of different materials have hitherto been proposed as carrier generating materials effective for use in a carrier generating layer of such function divided type electrophotographic photoreceptor. The use of an inorganic material as such is disclosed in, for example, Japanese Patent Examined Publication No. 16198/1968 in which amorphous selenium is used. A carrier generating layer having an amorphous selenium content is used in combination with a carrier transporting layer containing an organic carrier transporting material. However, the carrier generating layer which comprises amorphous selenium involves the difficulty that, as already mentioned, the selenium is liable to become crystallized under heat or otherwise with the result of the layer being deteriorated in its performance characteristics. For use of organic materials as carrier generating materials, organic dyes and organic pigments may be mentioned by way of example. Photoreceptors having a photosensitive layer containing, for example, a bisazo compound are already known through various publications including Japanese Patent Publication Open to Public Inspection (hereinafter refe
REFERENCES:
patent: 4755443 (1988-07-01), Suzuki et al.
patent: 4800145 (1989-01-01), Nelson et al.
Fujimaki Yoshihide
Hirano Akira
Suzuki Yasuo
Goodrow John L.
Konica Corporation
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