Surgery – Truss – Pad
Patent
1988-02-01
1989-07-04
Wayner, William E.
Surgery
Truss
Pad
604114, 219330, 236 91F, A61F 712
Patent
active
048440744
DESCRIPTION:
BRIEF SUMMARY
TECHNICAL FIELD
The invention relates to a method and an apparatus for introducing a physiological fluid into a human or animal organism as well as an appropriate method and heating device for the control of the temperature of a flowing medium.
BACKGROUND ART
For the control of the temperature of flowing media a solution is known according to which the temperature of the medium discharging from a heating device is measured and the heating of the heating device is controlled by a feedback control circuit so that the medium discharging from the heating device is of a prescribed temperature. With this solution, the control circuit follows relatively slowly the changes in the flow rate or in the temperature of the medium entering the heating device. Consequently, this control is not quick enough especially if the temperature of a smaller quantity of medium has to be controlled.
In another known solution, the flowing medium is led through a heating device of high heat capacity, set to the prescribed temperature. This solution is used e. g. in case of introducing a physiological fluid into a human organism where the safety requirements do not permit that the heating device is of a higher temperature than the prescribed temperature of the fluid. In a known method, the physiological fluid to be introduced is conducted through a spiral hose arranged in a thermostatic water bath.
EP-A-No. 112-104 relates to an apparatus for peritoneal dialysis where the dialysing fluid is pumped through a flat bag arranged between two heating plates of high heat capacity into a gravity tank and conducted therefrom through the same bag by gravity into the peritoneal cavity of the patient. The heating plates are maintained continuously at body temperature. This temperature control is based also on the fact that the medium flowing slowly enough through a heating device of high heat capacity will achieve the prescribed temperature at the outlet. This control method can be applied only in the case of small flow rates, it does not take into consideration the changes of temperature of the entering fluid, requires a relatively voluminous heating device of high energy consumption and is less applicable due to its time-lag for a follow-up control of the temperature.
DISCLOSURE OF INVENTION
The purpose of the present invention is to provide a method and an apparatus which render it possible to reduce the time of treatment when introducing a physiological fluid. For this purpose a method for controlling the temperature and a heating device are also developed by means of which the temperature of a flowing medium can be controlled with lower energy consumption, quickly and with high accuracy.
Accordingly, the invention relates on the one hand to a method for introducing a physiological fluid into a human or animal organism at a prescribed temperature, wherein the fluid is pumped through a controlled heating device into a gravity tank and then introduced from the gravity tank through the same heating device into the organism by gravity. According to the invention, during the pumping into the gravity tank the temperature of the fluid entering the heating device is measured and, on the basis thereof, a temperature or a heat flux causing substantially the prescribed temperature of the fluid discharging from the heating device is set in the heating device, and during the introduction by gravity the temperature of the heating device is controlled to the prescribed temperature of the fluid.
According to the invention, there are two different temperature controls, namely that at the pumping into the gravity tank and that at the introduction into the organism. In the latter case, taking into consideration the safety requirements, the temperature of the heating device is set at least approximately to the prescribed temperature of the fluid. However, during the pumping into the gravity tank, a quicker, controlled heating of the entering fluid occurs by means of the heating device. This may be achieved so that the temperature of the entering fluid is
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Rolitron Muszaki-Fejleszto Kisszovetkezet
Wayner William E.
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