Fluid bed for producing and/or processing a particulate material

Chemical apparatus and process disinfecting – deodorizing – preser – Chemical reactor – Fluidized bed

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Details

366101, 110245, B01J 818, B01F 1302, F23G 500

Patent

active

058172807

DESCRIPTION:

BRIEF SUMMARY
The invention relates to a fluid bed apparatus for producing and/or processing particulate material.
Processing of particulate material while fluidized in a gas flow is used in many different industries and for many different purposes such as drying, removal of dust, agglomeration, and coating.
The fluid bed apparatus according to the invention is primarily, but not exclusively intended for use within the pharmaceutical industry, where fluid beds are typically used for agglomerating processes for the attainment of granules suited for pelleting, in which case the process is termed granulation, or for the attainment of a dust-free, free-flowing powder. The granulation is typically performed by spraying droplets of a liquid on a particulate material, which has been created in or introduced into the bed and which is kept fluidized in a gas flow, said drops tackifying the particles either by partial dissolution thereof or by means of a binding agent dissolved in the liquid or admixed to the particles. Simultaneously with and after the agglomeration of the particles thus tackified the solvent added to the liquid evaporates and dry agglomerates remain.
Another process which is commonly carried out within the pharmaceutical industry in fluidizing beds consists of coating pharmaceutical products, for instance with a view to controlling their release after administration to the patient. This coating is made by spraying a solution of the coating agent onto particles of the pharmaceutical product while being kept fluidized in such a way that the solvent contained in the coating agent quickly evaporates.
Fluidizing processes of the above kind are traditionally carried out batch-wise, even though a continuous production for either a particularly big batch or a proper continuous operation often will entail considerable advantages thereover.
A further argument for continuous processing in a fluidizing bed is the fact that the processes both before and after the fluid beds to an increasing extent show bigger batch volume or are carried out continuously.
One of the drawbacks of a production in batches in relation to a continuous production is obviously that a bigger product volume can only be produced by operating with several beds or by using many batch shifts. A large number of batch recoverings is, however, disadvantageous on account of the involved risk of dust, waste and contamination of the product. If the production is to be increased by using a particularly big bed, a big installation space is required, and if errors occur, the whole of the big batch is to be disposed of.
Still, as mentioned, batched fluidizing processes are widespread within the pharmaceutical industry, and these processes are typically performed in fluid beds which for cleaning reasons and for the attainment of resistance against explosions, in particular dust explosion, are normally provided with a cylindrical container.
Whereas it is often tried in other industrial branches, where the risk of explosions is present, to reduce the risk of damage by providing possibilities for pressure relief, this solution is not suitable in the pharmaceutical industry, where a prevention of the spreading of the products, in which the explosion may happen, is aimed at. Often, it is tried to avoid explosions in processing plants within the chemical industry by installing a plant for automatic introduction of suitable suppression agents, such as carbon dioxide, halogenated carbon hydride, powder extinguishing agents, etc., as a reaction to signals from pressure or temperature sensors. Such plants are, however, costly and entail the risk of damage to the product by malactivation. It is therefore within the pharmaceutical industry advantageous to meet the risk of dust explosion by designing the bed with such a strength that it may withstand the explosion pressure, whereby pressure relief and plants for the introduction of suppression agents are made superfluous.
Furthermore, it is with a view to sterilizing the bed by means of vapor at pressure above atmospheric desir

REFERENCES:
patent: 4320089 (1982-03-01), Huttlin
patent: 4445919 (1984-05-01), Cole et al.
patent: 4448134 (1984-05-01), Foote
patent: 4685809 (1987-08-01), Huttlin

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