Hydraulic and earth engineering – Subterranean or submarine pipe or cable laying – retrieving,... – Cast in situ
Patent
1986-06-09
1988-07-19
Taylor, Dennis L.
Hydraulic and earth engineering
Subterranean or submarine pipe or cable laying, retrieving,...
Cast in situ
405174, 405180, E02D 2910
Patent
active
047581158
DESCRIPTION:
BRIEF SUMMARY
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
1. Field of the Invention
The present invention relates to construction engineering and, more particularly, the invention relates to running pipelines laid directly in the ground using a trench or trenchless method.
2. Description of the Prior Art
Well known in the art are pipelines made of separate pipes connected to each other through hermetically sealed joints.
Such a pipeline required a lot of materials since it is made completely of commercial materials.
In addition, it is complex in manufacture because use is made of pipes, which are insulated and connected to each other and then laid into the ground.
Also known in the art is a pipeline comprising an external envelope made by forcing an annular layer of a binder into a hole formed in the ground, in which case the internal surface of this envelope is provided with a sealing layer in the form of an elastic polymer sleeve. (Cf. USSR Inventor's Certificate No. 870607, cl. EO2 F 5/10, published in 1979).
Such a pipeline is designed for a pressure not higher than 0.3 MPa and therefore, it is not used for pumping an agent but is used for meliorative structures. This is due to the fact that mechanical strength is provided only by the layer of the binder.
Also, this pipeline cannot be used as a drain pipe since it is hermetically, sealed, when the tightness is disturbed it decays in a short time because the binder layer is not secured to the ground and any movement of the latter results in destruction of the pipeline.
A large amount of material is necessary for making the pipeline since the load-carrying capacity and mechanical strength are provided by the binder layer only. In this case the binder layer is not densed.
The pipelines are made essentially by forming a trench, into which a pipe is laid, then the trench is filled with ground.
This method is disadvantageous in that it requires a lot of excavation and earth moving. The pipe is made at an industrial plant and transported to the pipeline laying site, and this is associated with a large consumption of material and high transportation cost.
Also presently known is a worldwide practice which is a method of laying a pipeline in the ground by forming a hole in this ground and lining this hole with an elastic material and a binder. Polymer sleeves are mainly used as an elastic material and cement-and-sand mortar is used or adhesive is used as a binder.
The materials are relatively inexpensive and widely spread over the Earth. The pipelines made of these materials have a long life and are not subject to accumulation of deposits. Furthermore, the process of laying the pipelines made of these materials is simple and economically expedient.
However, in spite of many advantages of such pipelines, they have not found wide application in the world as pressure lines for pumping various agents because they feature insufficient mechanical strength and stand pressure not exceeding 0.3 MPa.
The pressureless pipelines require a considerable amount of materials since in this case the ground does not carry a load and the binder layer is not secured to the ground.
Another significant disadvantage is that the known method cannot be used for development of pipelines more than 200 mm in diameter since such a pipeline is subject to destruction due to insufficient transverse and longitudinal strength.
These are also unsuitable for making drain pipelines because it is difficult to control the degree of ground porosity and the thickness of the binder layer since the pressure of the working agent inside the pipeline is not controlled.
The laid pipelines often lose their tightness and quickly get out of order since their tightness is provided only by the binder layer and the sleeve thickness.
Also known in the art is a device for trenchless laying of pipelines by static puncture technique. This device includes a casing tube, a conical tip, pressure equipment and a support wall (cf. USSR Inventor's Certificate No. 876877, IPC EO2 F 5/18, published in 1981).
The casing tube is used for making a puncture
REFERENCES:
patent: 2794758 (1957-06-01), Harper et al.
patent: 3532132 (1970-10-01), Rubenstein
patent: 3886024 (1975-05-01), Chase
patent: 4285613 (1981-08-01), Takagishi et al.
patent: 4309128 (1982-01-01), Williams
patent: 4448567 (1984-05-01), Tsuda
patent: 4507019 (1985-03-01), Thompson
Andrianov Alexei V.
Kryazhevskikh Nikolai F.
Oleinik Viktor N.
Shishkin Viktor V.
Sushkov Yaroslav P.
Taylor Dennis L.
Trest "Juzhvodoprovod"
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