Static structures (e.g. – buildings) – Composite prefabricated panel including adjunctive means – Sandwich or hollow with sheet-like facing members
Patent
1983-02-07
1985-12-10
Raduazo, Henry E.
Static structures (e.g., buildings)
Composite prefabricated panel including adjunctive means
Sandwich or hollow with sheet-like facing members
411501, E04C 234
Patent
active
045571007
DESCRIPTION:
BRIEF SUMMARY
TECHNICAL FIELD
The present invention relates to fastener inserts for use in securing structural sandwich panels to support members therefor, more particularly to a unitary fastener insert for disposition within a structural sandwich panel in order to provide a fastener location for receipt of a suitable fixture member for it, and most especially to such an insert specifically configured to be fabricated by a forging technique. In this general regard, the fastener insert is disposed through and bonded or otherwise secured to the panel to present a higher strength location for receiving a fastener and prevent crushing forces while holding the panel against shear forces. A highly preferred and principal adaptation of the fastener insert of the present invention is in the installation of panels in an aircraft as floor and/or bulkhead components.
DESCRIPTION OF THE BACKGROUND ART
Structural sandwich panels are, of course, well known building components, both in respect of conventional structures and in aircraft fabrication; the latter being a particularly preferred environment within the context of the present invention. The popularity of these panels is attributable to a relatively high strength-to-weight ratio, in turn a consequence of the now conventional construction employed; an aspect requiring no detailed elaboration as the same is very well known. Suffice it to say in summary terms, the sandwich panels of interest are comprised of a pair of relatively thin face sheets separated by and bonded or otherwise secured to an intermediate, foraminous or honeycomb member of relatively thicker dimension. The face sheets serve to distribute a load through the honeycomb to the supporting structure. Depending upon the anticipated loads to which the panel member will be subjected, all manner and variety of materials may be utilized and certain variations in the structural conformation of the honeycomb employed. Metals, polymeric resins, and impregnated fibrous materials have all been utilized in the past in this regard.
While these structural panels are very satisfactory in load transmission where the force is one applied over a rather large area, crushing resistance of the intermediate layer is not very great where the panel is subjected to point loads. Consequently, construction utilizing these sandwich panels is attended with certain complications; for even the force exerted by a fixture member such as a nail, screw or the like, passing through the panel can crush it locally or give rise to stress ultimately contributing to failure of the panel at fixture locations. Accordingly, numerous approaches have been devised over the years with an eye toward providing an effective means for securing these panels to support members. The conventional wisdom along these lines has suggested the use of a metallic insert passing through the panel member and through which itself the fastener may pass into cooperative engagement with a support such as a stud or rail. The insert isolates the compressive restraining force exerted by the fastener from the panel while it holds the same in shear during times of force application. Various patented fastener inserts are known in the prior art, to which attention is now directed.
U.S. Pat. No. 2,585,557 to Creimendahl discloses a multicomponent fastener insert for structural sandwich panels. That insert is comprised of a bushing disposed through the panel, optionally but preferably countersunk near the top to receive the head of a bolt or like fixture member. The lower portion of the bushing is provided with a reduced diameter to yield a shoulder with a fillet receiving a sleeve or collar as a separate component. When the panel is installed and the fastener tightened, the fillet is spread or flared into engagement with the face sheet of the panel immediately circumjacent the hole therethrough which receives the bushing, providing an integral mechanical linkage.
U.S. Pat. No. 2,961,760 to Horton et al is conceptually similar in its disclosure of an insert for a structural sandwich pane
REFERENCES:
patent: 2967593 (1961-01-01), Cushman
patent: 3099057 (1963-07-01), Cook
patent: 3137887 (1964-06-01), Mannino
patent: 3252493 (1966-05-01), Smith
patent: 3296765 (1967-01-01), Rohe
patent: 4056878 (1977-11-01), Woodley
patent: 4232496 (1980-11-01), Warkentin
patent: 4399642 (1983-08-01), Friedrich
The Random House College Dictionary, p. 518, (definition of Forge) .COPYRGT.1975.
Raduazo Henry E.
The Boeing Company
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