Concentrating evaporators – Spray type
Patent
1998-07-31
2000-02-22
Manoharan, Virginia
Concentrating evaporators
Spray type
23295, 23303, 159 23, 159 32, 159 44, 159 45, 159 481, 159901, 203 1, 203 10, 203 90, 203DIG8, 203DIG17, 203 48, 239 13, 239128, B01D 100, C01D 306, C02F 104, C02F 116
Patent
active
06027607&
DESCRIPTION:
BRIEF SUMMARY
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
1. Field of the Invention
This invention relates to a process for salt extraction and a device for executing the process.
2. Description of Prior Art
A process for extracting salt from brine in an open settling or evaporation basin is known from R. B. Richards, Grainer Salt (D. Kaufmann, Sodium Chloride, 1960, Chapter 12). In order to accelerate the evaporation process, the brine is heated to a temperature slightly below the boiling point, typically to 90 to 100.degree. C. In this connection, two different ways of proceeding are known. With the first type, the brine is heated by heating tubes extending inside the basin. With the other type, the brine is continuously moved in a cycle through an external heating unit and returned to the evaporation basin. Such a variant of the Grainer process is described in U.S. Pat. No. 2,660,236.
A further variant of the Grainer process is disclosed in U.S. Pat. No. 2,555,340. Heating is not performed by a heat exchanger, but instead, the brine to be heated is subjected to a direct steam jet.
The Grainer process has several disadvantages. The amount of energy to be supplied is relatively high, in particular since the brine is heated to a temperature slightly below the boiling point. For this reason this process was manly employed in Michigan, where heat in the form of steam was available from sawmills. The effectiveness of the process furthermore strongly depends on the climatic conditions. For economical reasons the process is not used in areas with high temperatures and/or high humidity, since the salt yield does not justify the operating costs. A further disadvantage is that the salt obtained is in the form of platelets and is fine-grained, i.e. with a diameter of less than 2 mm.
A process for extracting salt is furthermore known from French Patent Reference 2,447,218, which permits the formation of larger salt crystals than the known Grainer process, but still provides a higher yield than the salt works operated only by solar radiation. Here, too, an open evaporation basin, which is exposed to solar radiation, is used, but in addition a heated nutrient solution of a preestablished concentration is introduced into a lower layer of the evaporation basin in order to change the solubility in these lower layers.
European Patent Reference 0,009,506 describes a process for salt extraction in a tower of a permeable material, over which seawater is sprayed by means of a sprinkler installation. The evaporated portion is collected, raw salt is added and it is repeatedly sprayed over the tower. This process is expensive and only moderately efficient.
A solar seawater desalination plant is described in German Patent Reference 36 12 188, which constitutes a closed system independent of external environmental influences. Seawater is heated in a heat reservoir and is subsequently sprayed by a spraying device over graduation works. The water evaporates in the graduation works, rises and is cooled again on the walls of the installation and is caught in the form of a salt-free condensate. This installation has the advantage that it only requires sunlight. However, it is not suitable for extracting salt because of the weak salt concentration in the seawater.
SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION
It is therefore one object of this invention to provide a process for salt extraction which achieves high sufficiency by a cost-effective form of energy and compensates for fluctuations in the climatic conditions.
This object is attained by a process wherein climatic values are measured and evaluated in a control unit, and at least a portion of heated brine is sprayed over the at least one evaporation basin, wherein the amount of spray is regulated by the control unit in accordance with the measured climatic data, and by a device having a heating unit connected via a spray line for heated brine with a spraying device arranged over the at least one evaporation basin wherein the climatic values and the degree of recooling of the waste beat are determined and the climatic values a
REFERENCES:
patent: 2555340 (1951-06-01), Hopper et al.
patent: 2660236 (1953-11-01), Farnsworth
patent: 3490513 (1970-01-01), Villanueva
patent: 3601312 (1971-08-01), Feather
patent: 4704189 (1987-11-01), Assaf
patent: 5366514 (1994-11-01), Becnel, Jr. et al.
patent: 5653389 (1997-08-01), Henderson et al.
R.B. Richards: Grainer Salt, Chapter 12, Sodium Chloride, D. Kaufmann (1960).
Krebs & Co. AG
Manoharan Virginia
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